Ikusasa eliphephile lemikhiqizo ye-polyurethane

Ngomhlaka-4 Agasti 2020, umkhawulo omusha kuma-diisocyanates ngaphansi kwe-REACH wamukelwa yiziphathimandla zaseYurophu, uhlose ukuzwela kokuphefumula kanye nokwesikhumba okungenzeka kubangelwe ama-diisocyanates.

2 Disemba 2021

 Ama-PolyurethaneImithethonqubo

Ucwaningo olusha luhlose ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhlola zokulinganisa ukuvuleka komoyaUmthombo wesithombe: quimono - Pixabay (isithombe sophawu).

I-REACH (Ukubhaliswa, Ukuhlolwa, Ukugunyazwa kanye Nokuvinjelwa Kwamakhemikhali) iwumthethonqubo we-European Union, owamukelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuvikelwa kwempilo yabantu kanye nemvelo ezingozini ezingabangelwa amakhemikhali, ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuncintisana kwemboni yamakhemikhali ye-EU.

Izinamathiseli ze-polyurethane (PU) kanye nezinamathiseli ziphephile ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni eminingi ezimbonini eziningi, njengezimoto, ifenisha, ukwakhiwa, kanye nokupakishwa. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-polyurethane kudinga ama-diisocyanates anuka kamnandi noma aliphatic. Lawa aphephile uma esetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezimisiwe. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-PU, ama-diisocyanates, asabela ngama-polyol empeleni asetshenziswa ngokuphelele ukuze angabi khona emikhiqizweni ye-polyurethane eqediwe. Ukuvinjelwa akuvimbeli ukusetshenziswa kwezinamathiseli ze-polyurethane kanye nezinamathiseli, kodwa kumisa izidingo zokuqeqeshwa zokusetshenziswa kwazo okuphephile. Ngakho-ke izinamathiseli ze-PU kanye nezinamathiseli zizoqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo futhi njengoba kungekho obunye ubuchwepheshe obukhona obungakhiqiza imikhiqizo enazo zonke izakhiwo ze-PU.

Umthethonqubo we-REACH EC/1907/2006 ubhekana nokukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zamakhemikhali, kanye nemiphumela yazo engaba khona empilweni yabantu kanye nasemvelweni. Umkhawulo wango-4 Agasti 2020 ngaphansi kwe-REACH ucacisa isidingo sokuqeqeshwa kanye nezidingo zokulebula kubasebenzisi bezimboni noma abangochwepheshe be-diisocyanates (ngamunye noma ngokuhlanganiswa) abane-concentration ye-monomeric engaphezu kuka-0.1% ngesisindo. Umkhawulo usebenza kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi lapho ukuchayeka kuma-diisocyanates kungenzeka khona. Awusebenzi emikhiqizweni ye-PU esetshenziswa ngabathengi. Umkhawulo ohlukile mayelana nemikhiqizo yabathengi usuvele usetshenzisiwe.

Izidingo zokuqeqeshwa okuphoqelekile

Abasebenzisi be-diisocyanate abangochwepheshe nabezimboni bazoba nesibopho sokubona ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kuqediwe bona kanye nabasebenzi babo. Abaphathi nabo bazodinga ukuqeqeshwa. Nakuba abahlinzeki benomthwalo wemfanelo wokwazisa abasebenzisi ngesidingo sokuqeqeshwa, abanawo umthwalo wemfanelo wokuqeqesha abasebenzi. Akukho siqinisekiso esivela kubasebenzisi kubaphakeli mayelana nokwamukelwa kolwazi esidingekayo. Abasabalalisi kumele badlulisele kumakhasimende abo ulwazi olutholwe kubaphakeli.

Ukuqeqeshwa kanye nesitifiketi, okuhlanganisa ukuphasa isivivinyo, kumele kube sekuqediwe mhla zingama-24 kuNcwaba 2023. Amarekhodi okuqeqeshwa okunikezwa abasebenzi kumele agcinwe ngabaqashi. Njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, ukuvuselelwa kokuqeqeshwa kuzodingeka. Kunezigaba ezintathu zokuqeqeshwa ezihambisana namazinga ahlukene obungozi. Okuqukethwe kokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo komuntu ngamunye kuzoncika ezingeni lobungozi abhekene nalo.

Ipulatifomu entsha yokuqeqesha ye-PU

I-FEICA, ngokubambisana ne-European Diisocyanate & Polyol Producers Association (ISOPA), i-European Aliphatic Isocyanates Producer Association (ALIPA), kanye nezinye izimboni eziningana embonini ye-polyurethane, ibilokhu isebenza kanzima ukuhlela uhlelo lokuqeqesha oluphelele ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwama-diisocyanates kubakhiqizi kanye nabasebenzisi abangochwepheshe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngale ndlela, i-FEICA iphinde iqinisekise ukuthi bonke abasebenzisi bokugcina be-PU equkethe izinti zokunamathisela kanye nezinti zokuvala kulo lonke elaseYurophu bayaqhubeka nokuphatha ama-diisocyanates ngokuphephile. Ipulatifomu yokuqeqesha yethulwa ngesiNgisi ngoNovemba 2021. Kusukela mhla lu-1 kuZibandlela izotholakala ngesiJalimane.

Ipulatifomu izotholakala kulo lonke elase-EU, futhi zonke izinto zokuqeqesha zizotholakala kuzo zonke izilimi ze-EU maphakathi no-2022. I-voucher yokuqeqeshwa kwamahhala kwabo bonke abasebenzisi bokugcina be-European PU adhesives kanye ne-sealant iyatholakala ku-www.feica.eu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zokuqeqesha zizotholakala zokuqeqeshwa kwekilasi ngalinye.

Izibopho Zokubhala Amalebula

Kusukela ngomhlaka-24 kuNhlolanja 2022, umusho/ilebula kumele livele emikhiqizweni ukuze isetshenziswe embonini noma ngokomsebenzi enomthamo ophelele we-monomeric ongaphezu kuka-0.1% ngesisindo. Umusho ungafundeka kanje: “Kusukela ngomhlaka-24 kuNcwaba 2023, kudingeka ukuqeqeshwa okwanele ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwalo mkhiqizo ezimbonini noma ngokomsebenzi.” Umkhawulo wangomhlaka-4 kuNcwaba 2020 ngaphansi kwe-REACH awunikezi ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemininingwane yelebula (isb. usayizi, indawo, noma ulimi). Sikhuthaza kakhulu bonke abathintekayo ukuthi baqale ukwenza amalungiselelo okufakwa kwelebula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi bahlole iwebhusayithi ye-FEICA njalo ukuze bathole izibuyekezo.