I-Asia ibamba inqwaba yemakethe yokumboza olwandle ngenxa yokugcwala kwemboni yokwakha imikhumbi eJapan, South Korea nase China.
Imakethe yezingubo zasolwandle emazweni ase-Asia ibuswe yizikhungo ezinamandla zokwakha imikhumbi ezifana neJapan, iSouth Korea, iSingapore neChina. Phakathi neminyaka engu-15 edlule, ukukhula embonini yokwakha imikhumbi eNdiya, eVietnam nasePhilippines kunikeze amathuba abalulekile kubakhiqizi bezingubo zasolwandle. I-Coatings World iveza ukubuka konke kwemakethe yokumboza olwandle e-Asia kulesi sici.
Uhlolojikelele lweMarine Coatings Market esifundeni sase-Asia
Ilinganiselwa ku-USD $3,100 wezigidi ekupheleni kuka-2023, imakethe yokuhlanganisa izinto zasolwandle iqhamuke njengengxenye ebalulekile yemboni kapende neyokumboza iyonke kule minyaka eyishumi nengxenye edlule.
I-Asia ilandisa ngobuningi bemakethe yezingubo zasolwandle emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokugxila kwemboni yokwakha imikhumbi eJapan, eSouth Korea.
kanye neChina. Imikhumbi emisha ibalelwa ku-40-45% yenani eliphelele lezingubo zasolwandle. Ukulungiswa nokunakekelwa kubalelwa cishe ku-50-52% wesamba semakethe yezingubo zasolwandle, kuyilapho izikebhe/izikebhe zokuzijabulisa zakha u-3-4% wemakethe.
Njengoba kushiwo esigabeni esandulele, i-Asia iyisizinda somkhakha wezokuhlanganisa olwandle emhlabeni jikelele. Ukubalwa kwesabelo semakethe esiningi, isifunda sinezindlu zamandla okwakha imikhumbi kanye nenani labaphikisi abasha.
Isifunda saseMpumalanga Ekude - okuhlanganisa i-China, i-South Korea, i-Japan ne-Singapore - iyindawo enamandla embonini yezingubo zasolwandle. Lawa mazwe anezimboni eziqinile zokwakha imikhumbi kanye nohwebo olubalulekile lwasolwandle, okwenza kube nesidingo esikhulu sezingubo zasolwandle. Isidingo sezingubo zasolwandle kulawa mazwe kulindeleke ukuthi sibhalise izinga lokukhula okuqhubekayo esikhathini esifushane nesimaphakathi.
Ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezedlule (Julayi 2023- Juni 2024), ukuthengiswa kwezingubo zemikhumbi emisha kukhuphuke kakhulu, ngenxa yokubuyiselwa kwesidingo esivela eChina naseNingizimu Korea. Ukuthengiswa kwezingubo zokulungisa imikhumbi kwakhula kakhulu, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokwanda kwezidingo zemikhumbi ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2, ukuze ihambisane nemithetho kaphethiloli wasolwandle.
Ukubusa kwe-Asia ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi kanye nomphumela wokwemboza olwandle kuthathe amashumi eminyaka ukufeza. IJapan yaba ibutho lomhlaba wonke lokwakha imikhumbi ngeminyaka yawo-1960, iSouth Korea ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kanye neChina ngawo-1990.
Manje amayadi asuka eJapan, eSouth Korea naseChina angabadlali abakhulu esigabeni ngasinye kwezine ezinkulu zemakethe: amathangi, izinto ezithwala inqwaba, imikhumbi yamabhokisi nemikhumbi yasogwini efana nezinkundla zokukhiqiza ezintantayo nezokugcina kanye nemikhumbi yokubuyisela kabusha i-LNG.
Ngokwesiko, iJapan neSouth Korea zinikeze ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu nokuthembeka uma kuqhathaniswa neChina. Kodwa-ke, kulandela ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile embonini yayo yokwakha imikhumbi, i-China manje ikhiqiza imikhumbi engcono ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi njengemikhumbi yamabhokisi amakhulu kakhulu angu-12,000-14,000 20-foot equivalent units (TEU).
Abakhiqizi Abaphambili Bezingubo Zasolwandle
Imakethe yezingubo zasolwandle ihlanganiswe kahle kakhulu, enabadlali abaphambili abafana neChugoku Marine Paints, Jotun, AkzoNobel, PPG, Hempel, KCC, Kansai, Nippon Paint, kanye noSherwin-Williams ababalelwa ngaphezu kuka-90% wesabelo sonke semakethe.
Ngokuthengiswa sekukonke kwezigidi eziyi-11,853 ze-NOK ($ 1.13 billion) ngo-2023 kusuka ebhizinisini layo lasolwandle, uJotun uphakathi komkhiqizi omkhulu womhlaba wonke wezingubo zasolwandle. Cishe u-48% wezingubo zasolwandle zale nkampani zathengiswa emazweni amathathu amakhulu e-Asia - Japan, South Korea kanye neChina - ngo-2023.
Ngokudayiswa komhlaba wonke kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-1,482 kusukela ebhizinisini layo lezingubo zasolwandle ngo-2023, i-AkzoNobel ingomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu nabahlinzeki bezinto zasolwandle.
Abaphathi be-AkzoNobel baphawule embikweni wabo waminyaka yonke wango-2023, “Ukuphindaphindeka okuqhubekayo kwebhizinisi lethu lezingubo zasolwandle kuye kwaphawuleka ngenxa yesiphakamiso esiqinile somkhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe kanye nokugxila ekuqhubekeni phambili.” Khonamanjalo, siphinde sasungula ubukhona bethu emakethe yasolwandle eyakhiwe entsha e-Asia, sigxile ezinhlelweni zemikhumbi yezobuchwepheshe, ezihlinzeka ngezinga eliphezulu lezokuxhumana. Isixazululo sokukhishwa okungcolile kwe-biocide-free esiletha ukonga uphethiloli kanye nesisi esikhishwa abanikazi nabasebenzi futhi sisiza ukusekela izifiso zemboni zokuqeda ikhabhoni.”
I-Chugkou Paints ibike ukudayiswa okuphelele kwama-yen ayizigidi ezingu-101,323 (amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-710) emikhiqizweni yayo yokumboza olwandle.
Amazwe Okushayela Kwesidingo Esisha
Kuze kube manje obuswa iJapan, iSouth Korea, kanye neChina, imakethe yezingubo zasolwandle yase-Asia ibilokhu ibona isidingo esiqhubekayo esivela emazweni amaningi aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseNdiya. Amanye ala mazwe kulindeleke ukuthi aqhamuke njengezikhungo ezinkulu zokwakha kanye nokulungisa imikhumbi esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside.
IVietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, kanye neNdiya ikakhulukazi kulindeleke ukuthi babambe iqhaza elikhulu ekukhuleni kwemboni yokumboza olwandle eminyakeni ezayo.
Isibonelo, imboni yezasolwandle yaseVietnam imenyezelwe njengomkhakha ohamba phambili nguhulumeni wase-Vietnamese futhi isendleleni yokuba enye yezindawo ezinkulu zokwakha imikhumbi kanye nezizinda zokulungisa imikhumbi e-Asia. Isidingo sezingubo zasolwandle kuyo yonke imikhumbi yemikhumbi yasekhaya neyangaphandle edokwe e-Vietnam kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
"Sesinwebe indawo yethu eVietnam ukuze sifake izintambo zasolwandle," kusho u-Ee Soon Hean, umqondisi jikelele, i-Nippon Paint Vietnam, eyakha isizinda sokukhiqiza eVietnam ngo-2023. "Ukukhula okuqhubekayo emkhakheni wezolwandle kuholela ekwandeni kwazo zonke izindawo ezinkulu zokwakha kanye nokulungisa imikhumbi ezweni. Kunamayadi amakhulu ayisithupha enyakatho yethu futhi amamitha amabili aphakathi nendawo akhombisa ukuthi i-Vietnam itholakala enyakatho. Imikhumbi engu-4,000 ezodinga ukumbozwa, okuhlanganisa nezakhiwo ezintsha namathani akhona.”
Izici Zokulawula Nezemvelo Zokuthuthukisa Isidingo Sokumboza Olwandle
Izici ezilawulayo nezemvelo kulindeleke ukuthi ziqhubekisele phambili isidingo kanye nokwenziwa kweprimiyamu kwemboni yokumboza olwandle eminyakeni ezayo.
Ngokusho kwe-International Maritime Organization (IMO), imboni yezokuthutha olwandle okwamanje ibhekene no-3% wokukhishwa kwekhabhoni emhlabeni. Ukumelana nalokhu, imboni manje isiqhutshwa ohulumeni, abalawuli bamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nomphakathi wonkana ukuba uhlanze isenzo sayo.
I-IMO yethule umthetho obeka imingcele futhi wehlise ukungcola emoyeni naselwandle. Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2023, yonke imikhumbi engaphezu kwamathani ayi-5,000 iyonke ilinganiselwe ngokwe-IMO's Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), esebenzisa izindlela ezijwayelekile ukubala ukukhishwa kwemikhumbi.
Ama-Hull coatings avele njengendawo ebalulekile yokugxila ezinkampanini zemikhumbi kanye nabakhiqizi bemikhumbi ekwehliseni izindleko zikaphethiloli kanye negesi. I-hull ehlanzekile inciphisa ukumelana, iqeda ukulahleka kwesivinini futhi ngaleyo ndlela igcine uphethiloli futhi inciphise ukungcola. Izindleko zikaphethiloli ngokuvamile zimelela phakathi kuka-50 no-60% wezindleko zokusebenza. Iphrojekthi ye-IMO's GloFouling yabika ngo-2022 ukuthi abanikazi bangonga imali efinyelela ku-USD 6.5 wezigidi ngomkhumbi ngamunye ezindlekweni zikaphethiloli esikhathini esiyiminyaka emihlanu ngokuqala ukuhlanzwa kwe-hull nophephela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-13-2024
