Umnotho womhlaba ubhekene nokuntengantenga okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili kwenkumbulo yakamuva.
Izinhlangano ezimele izimboni zikayinki wokunyathelisa ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zase-Europe zichaze kabanzi ngesimo esibucayi nesiyinselele sezindaba ze-supply chain umkhakha obhekene nazo njengoba ungena ku-2022.
II-European Printing Ink Association (EuPIA)igqamise iqiniso lokuthi ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus ludale izimo ezihlangene ezifana nezici ezidingekayo ukuze kube nesiphepho esifanele. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezihlukene manje sekubonakala kunomthelela omkhulu kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Iningi losomnotho nochwepheshe be-supply chain linombono wokuthi umnotho womhlaba ubhekene nokuntengantenga okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili kwenkumbulo yakamuva. Isidingo semikhiqizo siyaqhubeka ukudlula ukunikezwa, ngenxa yalokho, impahla eluhlaza emhlabeni wonke kanye nokutholakala kwempahla kube nomthelela omkhulu.
Lesi simo, esigqugquzelwa ubhubhane lomhlaba wonke oluqhubeka nokudangala ukuvalwa kwemikhiqizo emazweni amaningi, saqala sabhebhetheka abathengi abathenga izinto eziningi kunokuvamile ngaphandle kwezinkathi zonyaka. Okwesibili, ukuvuselelwa komnotho womhlaba ngesikhathi esifanayo emhlabeni wonke kwabangela ukwanda kwesidingo.
Izinkinga ezikhubazayo zokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo ezivela ngqo ezidingweni zokuhlukaniswa nobhubhane kanye nokushoda kwabasebenzi nabashayeli nakho kudale ubunzima, ngenkathi e-China, kuncishisiwe ukuphuma ngenxa yoHlelo Lokuncishiswa Kwamandla WaseShayina, kanye nokushoda kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile kuye kwahlanganisa amakhanda emboni nakakhulu.
Izinkathazo Ezibalulekile
Ukuze kunyatheliswe i-inki ne-coatings abakhiqizi, ukushoda kwezinto zokuhamba kanye nempahla eluhlaza kubangela izinselele ezihlukahlukene, njengoba kubekwe ngezansi:
• _x0007_Ukunikezwa nokufunwa kokungalingani kwezinto eziningi ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni oyinki bokuphrinta—isb uwoyela wemifino kanye nokuphuma kwawo, amakhemikhali e-petrochemical, ombala kanye ne-TiO2—kudala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ezinkampanini ezingamalungu e-EuPIA. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kuzo zonke lezi zigaba, ngokwezinga elihlukile, zibona ukwanda kwesidingo kuyilapho ukuhlinzekwa kusaqhubeka nokubambezeleka. Ukuntengantenga kwezidingo kulezo zindawo esele kuholele ekwenyukeni kobunzima emakhonweni abathengisi okubikezela nokuhlela ukuthunyelwa.
• _x0007_Ama-Pigments, okuhlanganisa i-TiO2, akhule kamuva nje ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwesidingo nokuvalwa kwefekthri e-China okubangelwa Uhlelo Lokuncishiswa Kwamandla Lase-China. I-TiO2 ihlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo sokukhiqizwa kopende bezakhiwo (njengoba ingxenye ye-DIY yomhlaba wonke ihlangabezane nokwanda okukhulu okusekelwe kubathengi abahlala ekhaya) kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-turbine yomoya.
• _x0007_Ukunikezwa kwamafutha emifino yemvelo kuthintwa izimo zezulu ezingezinhle e-USA naseLatin America. Ngokudabukisayo, lokhu kwaqondana nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwamaShayina kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalesi sigaba sempahla eluhlaza kwenyukile.
• _x0007_Petrochemicals—e-UV-curable, polyurethane kanye ne-acrylic resins nezinyibilikisi—belokhu enyuka izindleko kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2020 kanti ezinye zalezi zinto zinokwenyuka kokufunwa okudlula amazinga alindelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni ibone inqwaba yezehlakalo ezinkulu eziye zanciphisa kakhulu ukuhlinzekwa kwezidingo futhi zabhebhethekisa isimo esivele singazinzile.
Njengoba izindleko ziqhubeka nokukhula kanye nokuhlinzeka kuqhubeka nokuqina, abakhiqizi be-inki yokuphrinta kanye ne-coating bonke bathinteka kakhulu ukuncintisana okukhulu kwezinto nezinsiza.
Izinselelo imboni ebhekene nazo azigcini nje kuphela ezintweni ezisetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali ne-petrochemical. Eminye imikhakha yezimboni efana nokupakisha, ukuthwala impahla kanye nezokuthutha nayo ihlangabezana nobunzima.
• _x0007_Imboni isaqhubeka nokushoda kwensimbi yezigubhu kanye ne-HDPE feedstocks esetshenziselwa amapheya nojeke. Ukwanda kwesidingo kwezohwebo ku-inthanethi kuqhuba ukutholakala okuqinile kwamabhokisi kathayela nezinto ezifakiwe. Ukwabiwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukubambezeleka kokukhiqiza, imfuyo, amandla amakhulu kanye nokushoda kwabasebenzi konke kunomthelela ekwandeni kokupakishwa. Amazinga esidingo angajwayelekile ayaqhubeka nokudlula ukuhlinzekwa kwezidingo.
• _x0007_Ubhubhane ludale umsebenzi omningi ongajwayelekile wokuthenga kwabathengi (kokubili ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuvalwa komsebenzi), okubangela isidingo esingavamile ezimbonini eziningi futhi kwacindezela amandla omoya nolwandle. Izindleko zikaphethiloli we-Jet zinyukile kanye nezindleko zesitsha sokuthumela (kweminye imizila esuka e-Asia-Pacific ukuya e-Europe kanye/noma e-USA, izindleko zeziqukathi zikhuphuke ngo-8-10x kunejwayelekile). Sekuvelile amashejuli okuthutha impahla olwandle angajwayelekile, futhi abathwali bezimpahla bavaleleke noma baphonselwa inselelo yokuthola amachweba ukuze bakhiphe iziqukathi. Ukuphambana kwezidingo ezikhulayo kanye nezinsiza zezokuthutha ezingalungiselelwanga kahle kuholele ekuntulekeni okukhulu kwamandla omthwalo wempahla.
• _x0007_Ngenxa yezimo eziwubhubhane, izinyathelo eziqinile zezempilo nezokuphepha sezikhona ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi zomhlaba, okuthinta umthamo wamachweba kanye nokuphuma kwempahla. Iningi lamalayini okuthutha impahla olwandle alinazo izikhathi zokufika ezihleliwe, kanye nemikhumbi engafiki ngesikhathi ithola ukubambezeleka njengoba ilinde ukuvuleka kwezikhala ezintsha. Lokhu kube nomthelela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zokuthumela kusukela ekwindla ka-2020.
• _x0007_Kunokuntuleka okukhulu kwabashayeli bamaloli ezifundeni eziningi kodwa lokhu kugqame kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Yize lokhu kushoda kungekusha futhi sekukhathaza okungenani iminyaka eyi-15, kuvele kwanda ngenxa yobhubhane lomhlaba wonke.
Khonamanjalo, okunye kwezokuxhumana kwakamuva okuvela ku-British Coatings Federation kubonise ukuthi ekuqaleni kwekwindla ka-2021, kube nokukhuphuka okusha kwamanani entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezithinta imikhakha kayinki kapende nokunyathelisa e-UK, okusho ukuthi abakhiqizi manje sebechayeke nakakhulu. izingcindezi zezindleko. Njengoba izinto ezingavuthiwe zibalelwa ku-50% wazo zonke izindleko embonini, futhi nezinye izindleko ezinjengamandla nazo zikhula ngokushesha, umthelela womkhakha awukwazi ukweqiwa.
Amanani kawoyela manje aphindeke ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule futhi akhuphuke ngo-250% endaweni ephansi yangaphambi kobhubhane ngoMashi 2020, ngaphezu kokuqhathanisa nokwenyuka okukhulu okubonwe ngesikhathi senhlekelele yentengo kawoyela eholwa yi-OPEC ka-1973/4 nangaphezulu. muva nje ukukhuphuka kwentengo okubukhali okubikwe ngo-2007 no-2008 njengoba umnotho womhlaba uphokophele ekuwohlokeni komnotho. Ku-US$83/umphongolo, amanani kawoyela ekuqaleni kukaNovemba akhuphuke esuka esilinganisweni sama-US$42 ngoSepthemba ngonyaka odlule.
Umthelela Embonini Ye-Ink
Umthelela kubakhiqizi be-inki kapende nabanyathelisayo kusobala ukuthi mubi kakhulu njengoba amanani encibilikile manje esephezulu ngo-82% ngokwesilinganiso kunonyaka odlule, futhi njengoba ama-resin nezinye izinto ezihlobene zibona ukwenyuka kwentengo ngama-36%.
Izintengo zezincibilikisi ezibalulekile ezimbalwa ezisetshenziswa imboni ziphindeke kabili futhi zaphindeka kathathu, izibonelo eziphawulekayo ezithi n-butanol zikhuphuke zisuka ku-£750 ngethani ukuya ku-£2,560 ngonyaka. I-n-butyl acetate, i-methoxypropanol ne-methoxypropyl acetate nazo zibone amanani aphindwe kabili noma aphindwe kabili.
Izintengo eziphakeme ziphinde zabonwa ngama-resin nezinto ezihambisanayo, ngokwesibonelo, intengo emaphakathi ye-solution epoxy resin ikhuphuke ngo-124% ngoSepthemba 2021 uma kuqhathaniswa noSepthemba 2020.
Kwenye indawo, amanani entengo e-pigment amaningi nawo abephezulu kakhulu ngezintengo ze-TiO2 ngo-9% ngaphezulu kunonyaka odlule. Ekupakisheni, amanani abephezulu kuwo wonke amabhodi, isibonelo, amathini angama-rawondi ayisihlanu akhuphuke ngo-10% futhi amanani emigqomo akhuphuke ngo-40% ngo-Okthoba.
Izibikezelo ezinokwethenjelwa kunzima ukuzithola kodwa ngenxa yezinhlangano eziningi ezibikezelayo ezinkulu ezilindele ukuthi amanani kawoyela asale engaphezulu kuka-US$70/umphongolo ngo-2022, izinkomba zithi izindleko eziphakeme zizosala.
Izintengo zikawoyela zizoncipha ngo-'22
Khonamanjalo, ngokwe-Energy Information Administration (EIA) ezinze e-US, iShort-Term Energy Outlook yakamuva iphakamisa ukuthi ukunyuka kokukhiqizwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe kanye nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli evela emazweni e-OPEC+ kanye ne-USA kuzoholela ekwandeni kwezinga lokuphehla uketshezi emhlabeni wonke kanye nowoyela ongahluziwe. amanani ehla ngo-2022.
Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela ongahluziwe emhlabeni wonke kweqe ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe amakota amahlanu elandelana, kusukela engxenyeni yesithathu ka-2020. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthengwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe emazweni e-OECD kwehle ngemiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-424, noma i-13%. Bekulindeleke ukuthi isidingo sikawoyela ongahluziwe emhlabeni wonke sizodlula ukunikezwa komhlaba wonke ekupheleni konyaka, sibe negalelo ekudwebeni okungeziwe kwempahla, futhi sigcine intengo kawoyela ongahluziwe we-Brent ingaphezu kwama-US$80/umphongolo kuze kube uDisemba 2021.
Isibikezelo se-EIA siwukuthi i-inventories kawoyela yomhlaba wonke izoqala ukwakha ngo-2022, iqhutshwa ukukhuphuka komkhiqizo ovela emazweni e-OPEC+ nase-USA nokho nokukhula kancane kwesidingo sikawoyela emhlabeni wonke.
Lokhu kushintsha kungenzeka kufake ingcindezi ephansi enanini le-Brent, elizoba isilinganiso sama-US $72/umphongolo ngo-2022.
Izintengo ze-Spot ze-Brent, ibhentshi likawoyela ongahluziwe wamazwe ngamazwe, kanye ne-West Texas Intermediate (WTI), ibhentshi likawoyela ongahluziwe wase-US, akhuphukile kusukela ehle ngo-Ephreli 2020 futhi manje angaphezulu kwamazinga angaphambi kobhubhane.
Ngo-Okthoba 2021, intengo kawoyela ongahluziwe we-Brent yaba nesilinganiso esingu-US$84/umphongolo, futhi intengo ye-WTI yaba isilinganiso esingu-$81/umphongolo, okungamanani aphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2014. I-EIA ibikezela ukuthi intengo ye-Brent izokwehla isuka esilinganisweni. ka-US$84/umphongolo ngo-Okthoba 2021 kuya ku-US$66/umphongolo ngoDisemba 2022 futhi intengo ye-WTI izokwehla isuka esilinganisweni sama-US$81/umgqomo iye ku-US$62/umphongolo phakathi nesikhathi esifanayo.
Imikhiqizo kawoyela ongahluziwe ephansi, emhlabeni wonke nase-USA, ifake ingcindezi yentengo ekhuphukayo ezinkontilekeni zikawoyela ongahluziwe esezisondele, kanti amanani enkontileka kawoyela ongahluziwe asenesikhathi eside ephansi, okubikezela okulindelwe kwemakethe ebhalansi kakhudlwana ngo-2022.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2022
