Ochwepheshe manje bafuna ukuthi kugxilwe kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kanye nezindlela zokusetshenziswa kwangaphambi kokusetshenziswa uma kuziwa emaphaketheni ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza elahlwa.
Igesi ebamba ukushisa (i-GHG) ebangelwa uphethiloli ophezulu wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi kanye nemikhuba engemihle yokulawulwa kwemfucuza yizinselelo ezimbili ezihamba phambili ezibhekene nemboni yokumboza e-Afrika, futhi yingakho ukuphuthuma kokusungulwa kwezixazululo ezisimeme ezingagcini nje ngokuvikela ukusimama kwemboni kodwa ziqinisekise abakhiqizi nabadlali ngokuhambisana nochungechunge lwenani lezindleko ezincane zebhizinisi kanye neholo eliphezulu.
Ochwepheshe manje bafuna ukuthi kugxilwe kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kanye nezinqubo zokusetshenziswa kwangaphambilini uma kuziwa emaphaketheni ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza elahlwayo uma isifunda sizofaka isandla ngempumelelo ku-zero ephelele ngo-2050 futhi sandise ukuzungeza kochungechunge lwenani lemboni yokuhlanganisa.
Iningizimu Afrika
ENingizimu Afrika, ukuthembela kakhulu emithonjeni yamandla aphehlwa yizinsalela ekusebenzeni kwezimboni zokumboza ugesi kanye nokungabikho kwezinqubo zokulahlwa kwemfucuza ezilawulwa kahle neziphoqelelayo kuphoqe ezinye zezinkampani zokugqoka zezwe ukuthi zikhethe ukutshalwa kwezimali ekuhlinzekeni amandla ahlanzekile kanye nezisombululo zokupakisha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha futhi zigaywe kabusha yibo bobabili abakhiqizi kanye nabathengi bazo.
Isibonelo, iPolyoak Packaging yaseKapa, inkampani egxile ekuklameni nasekukhiqizeni amaphakheji epulasitiki aqinile ahambisana nemvelo ukuze kusetshenziswe ukudla, iziphuzo nezimboni, ithi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, okudalwe ngokwengxenye umkhakha wezokukhiqiza okubandakanya imboni yokumboza, kuyizinkinga ezimbili zomhlaba “ezimbi” kodwa izisombululo ezikhona ezimakethe ezitholakalayo.
UCohn Gibb, oyimenenja yezokuthengisa kule nkampani, uthe eGoli ngoJuni 2024 umkhakha wezamandla ubalelwa ngaphezulu kuka-75% wesisi esingcolisa umoya ngamandla omhlaba wonke atholakala kumafutha. ENingizimu Afrika, amafutha emvelo afinyelela ku-91% wawo wonke amandla ezwe uma kuqhathaniswa nama-80% emhlabeni jikelele lapho amalahle ebusa ugesi kazwelonke.
"INingizimu Afrika iyizwe le-13 elikhulukazi elikhipha igesi ebamba ukushisa emhlabeni wonke ngomkhakha wamandla asebenzisa i-carbon eningi emazweni e-G20," usho kanje.
I-Eskom, inkampani kagesi yaseNingizimu Afrika, “ingumkhiqizi ophezulu we-GHG emhlabeni wonke njengoba ikhipha i-sulphur dioxide eningi kune-US ne-China ehlangene,” kuphawula u-Gibb.
Ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwe-sulphur dioxide kunemithelela enqubweni yokukhiqiza yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nezinhlelo ezibangela isidingo sokukhethwa kwamandla ahlanzekile.
Isifiso sokweseka imizamo yomhlaba wonke yokunciphisa intuthu ephehlwa yizinsalela ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza, kanye nokunciphisa ukucishwa kukagesi okuqhubekayo okubangelwa izindleko zakwa-Eskom, kuqhubekisele iPolyoak kumandla avuselelekayo angenza inkampani ikhiqize cishe izigidi ezi-5.4 kwh ngonyaka.
Amandla ahlanzekile akhiqizwe "azokonga amathani angu-5,610 we-CO2 ekhishwa minyaka yonke engadinga izihlahla ezingu-231,000 ngonyaka ukuze zimunce," kusho uGibb.
Nakuba utshalomali olusha lwamandla avuselelekayo lungenele ukusekela imisebenzi ye-Polyoak, inkampani okwamanje itshale imali kumajeneretha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunikezwa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki ngesikhathi sokucishwa kukagesi ukuze kusetshenziswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Kwenye indawo, uGibb uthi iNingizimu Afrika ingelinye lamazwe anemikhuba emibi kakhulu yokulawula imfucuza emhlabeni futhi kuzodinga izixazululo ezintsha zokupakisha ezenziwa ngabakhi bezingubo zokugqoka ukuze kuncishiswe inani lemfucuza engasetshenziswa kabusha nengaphinde isetshenziswe ezweni lapho amakhaya afinyelela ku-35% engenalo uhlobo lokuqoqwa kwemfucuza. Ingxenye enkulu yemfucuza ekhiqizwayo ilahlwa ngokungemthetho futhi ilahlwa emikhunjini evamise ukunweba imijondolo, ngokusho kukaGibb.
Ukupakisha Okusebenziseka Kabusha
Inselele enkulu yokulawulwa kwemfucuza ivela kumapulasitiki namafemu okupakisha ama-coatings nabahlinzeki banethuba lokunciphisa umthwalo endaweni ezungezile ngokupakisha okuhlala isikhathi eside okusebenziseka kabusha okungagaywa kabusha kalula uma kunesidingo.
Ngo-2023, uMnyango Wezamahlathi Nezokudoba kanye Nezemvelo waseNingizimu Afrika usungule umhlahlandlela wokupakisha wezwe ohlanganisa izigaba ezine zemifudlana yempahla yokupakisha yezinsimbi, ingilazi, amaphepha kanye namapulasitiki.
Umhlahlandlela, uthe umnyango, uwukusiza “ukunciphisa umthamo wokupakisha ogcina usendaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu ngokuthuthukisa idizayini yemikhiqizo, ukwandisa izinga lezinqubo zokukhiqiza nokukhuthaza ukuvinjelwa kwemfucuza.”
"Enye yezinjongo ezibalulekile zalo mhlahlandlela wokufaka ukusiza abaklami kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokupakisha ngokuqonda kangcono imithelela yezemvelo ezinqumweni zabo zokuklama, ngaleyo ndlela kugqugquzelwe izinqubo ezinhle zemvelo ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa ukukhetha," kusho owayengungqongqoshe we-DFFE u-Creecy Barbara, osuthuthelwe emnyangweni wezokuthutha.
EPolyoak, uGibb uthi, abaphathi benkampani bebelokhu beqhubekela phambili nokupakisha amaphepha okugxile “ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwamabhokisi ukusindisa izihlahla.” Amakhathoni e-Polyoak enziwe ebhodini lamabhokisi ebanga lokudla ngezizathu zokuphepha.
“Ngokwesilinganiso kuthatha izihlahla ezingu-17 ukukhiqiza ithani elilodwa le-carbon board,” kusho uGibb.
“Uhlelo lwethu lokubuyisela amabhokisi lwenza lula ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwebhokisi ngalinye izikhathi ezinhlanu,” uyanezela, ecaphuna ingqopha-mlando ka-2021 yokuthenga amathani angu-1600 amabhokisi amasha, ukuwasebenzisa kabusha ngaleyo ndlela konga izihlahla ezingu-6 400.”
UGibb ulinganisela esikhathini esingaphezu konyaka, ukusebenzisa kabusha amabhokisi konga izihlahla eziyi-108,800, okulingana nezihlahla eziyisigidi eminyakeni eyi-10.
I-DFFE ilinganisela ukuthi sekutholwe amathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-12 wephepha namaphepha ukuze agaywe kabusha kuleli eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule njengoba uhulumeni ethi ngaphezu kuka-71% wamaphepha namaphakheji atholakalayo aqoqwa ngo-2018, okungamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1,285.
Kodwa inselelo enkulu ebhekene neNingizimu Afrika, njengoba injalo emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika, ukwanda kokulahlwa kopulasitiki okungekho emthethweni, ikakhulukazi ama-pellets noma ama-nurdles.
"Imboni yepulasitiki kumele ivimbele ukuchitheka kwama-pellets epulasitiki, ama-flakes noma izimpushana endaweni ezungezile kusukela ekukhiqizeni nasekusabalaliseni izindawo," kusho uGibb.
Njengamanje, i-Polyoak iqhuba umkhankaso obizwa nge-'catch that pellet drive' okuhloswe ngawo ukuvimbela ama-pellets epulasitiki ngaphambi kokuba angene emiseleni yamanzi emvula eNingizimu Afrika.
“Ngeshwa, amapulangwe epulasitiki athathwa njengesidlo esimnandi ezinhlanzini nasezinyonini eziningi ngemva kokushibilika emiseleni yamanzi eziphepho lapho engenela khona emifuleni eyehlela ezansi olwandle futhi agcine esekhukhuleka emabhishi ethu.”
Ama-pellets epulasitiki avela kuma-microplastics athathwe othulini lwamathayi kanye ne-microfiber kusukela ekuwashweni nasekumisweni kokuwa kwezingubo zenayiloni ne-polyester.
Okungenani ama-87% ama-microplastics adayiswe izimpawu zomgwaqo (7%), ama-microfibers (35%), uthuli lwedolobha (24%), amathayi (28%) kanye nama-nurdles (0.3%).
Isimo kungenzeka siqhubeke njengoba i-DFFE ithi iNingizimu Afrika “ayinazo izinhlelo ezinkulu zokulawulwa kwemfucuza yangemva komthengi zokuhlukanisa kanye nokucutshungulwa kokupakishwa okubolayo nokuvundiswayo.
"Ngenxa yalokho, lezi zinto azinalo inani langempela kubaqoqi bemfucuza abasemthethweni noma abangahlelekile, ngakho-ke imikhiqizo kungenzeka ihlale endaweni ezungezile noma okungcono kakhulu, igcine isendaweni yokulahla," kusho i-DFFE.
Lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuba khona koMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwabathengi Izigaba 29 no-41 kanye Nomthetho Wamazinga ka-2008 Izigaba 27(1) & {2) ezivimbela izimangalo ezingamanga, ezidukisayo noma ezikhohlisayo mayelana nezithako zomkhiqizo noma izici zokusebenza kanye namabhizinisi ekumangaleleni okungamanga noma asebenze ngendlela “engase yakhe umbono wokuthi imikhiqizo ithobelana nezinye Izinga lomphakathi laseNingizimu Afrika le-SABS kazwelonke.”
Esikhathini esifushane ukuya esikhathini esimaphakathi, i-DFFE inxusa izinkampani ukuthi zehlise umthelela wemvelo wemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yazo “njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokusimama kuyizinselelo ezinkulu zomphakathi namuhla, kubaluleke kakhulu.”
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2024
