Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yezingubo zokhuni zezimboni kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-3.8% CAGR phakathi kuka-2022 no-2027 kanti ifenisha yokhuni iyona ekhiqiza kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-PRA yakamuva ye-Irfab Industrial Wood Coatings Market Study, isidingo semakethe yomhlaba sezingubo zokhuni zezimboni sasilinganiselwa ukuthi singamathani ayizigidi ezi-3 (amalitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.4) ngo-2022. NguRichard Kennedy, i-PRA, noSarah Silva, umhleli ofaka isandla.
13.07.2023
Ukuhlaziywa KwemaketheUkumbozwa ngokhuni
Imakethe yakhiwe ngezigaba ezintathu ezahlukene zokumbozwa ngokhuni:
- Ifenisha yokhuni: Upende noma ama-varnish asetshenziswa efenisha yasekhaya, yasekhishini kanye neyasehhovisi.
- Ukuhlanganisa: Upende nama-varnish afakwe efektri eminyango, ozimele bamafasitela, ezindongeni nasemakhabetheni.
- Iphansi lokhuni eliqediwe ngaphambilini: Ama-varnish afakwe efektri asetshenziswa kuma-laminate kanye nephansi lokhuni elenziwe ngobunjiniyela.
Ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke ingxenye yefenisha yokhuni, ebiza u-74% wemakethe yomhlaba wonke yezembozo zokhuni zezimboni ngo-2022. Imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yesifunda yi-Asia Pacific enesabelo esingu-58% sesidingo somhlaba samapende nama-varnish asetshenziswa efenisha yokhuni, kulandelwe yiYurophu cishe ngo-25%. Isifunda sase-Asia Pacific singenye yezimakethe ezinkulu zefenisha yokhuni esekelwa ukwanda kwabantu baseShayina naseNdiya, ikakhulukazi.
Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla kuyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe
Ukukhiqizwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwefenisha kuvame ukwenzeka ngokujikeleza, kuthonywa yizehlakalo zomnotho kanye nentuthuko ezimakethe zezindlu zikazwelonke kanye nemali engenayo yasekhaya. Imboni yefenisha yokhuni ivame ukuncika ezimakethe zendawo futhi ukukhiqiza akuncikile emhlabeni wonke kunezinye izinhlobo zefenisha.
Imikhiqizo ethwala amanzi iyaqhubeka nokuthola isabelo semakethe, iqhutshwa kakhulu yimithethonqubo ye-VOC kanye nesidingo sabathengi semikhiqizo enobungani nemvelo, ngokushintshela ezinhlelweni ze-polymer ezithuthukisiwe okuhlanganisa ukuzixhumanisa noma ukuhlakazwa kwe-polyurethane okungu-2K. UMojca Šemen, uMqondisi Wesigaba Se-Industrial Wood Coatings eKansai Helios Group, angaqinisekisa isidingo esikhulu sezingubo ezithwala amanzi, ezinikeza izinzuzo eziningana kunobuchwepheshe bendabuko obuthwala i-solvent. "Zinesikhathi sokomisa ngokushesha, isikhathi sokukhiqiza esinciphile kanye nokusebenza kahle okwandisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zimelana kakhulu nokuphuzi futhi zinganikeza ukuqeda okungcono, okwenza zibe ukukhetha okuhle kwefenisha yokhuni esezingeni eliphezulu." Isidingo siyaqhubeka nokukhula njengoba "abathengi abaningi bebeka phambili ukusimama kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wemvelo ezinqumweni zabo zokuthenga."
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlakazeka kwe-acrylic, ubuchwepheshe obuthwala i-solvent buyaqhubeka nokubusa ingxenye yefenisha yokhuni. Izembozo ezilaphekayo ze-UV ziya ngokuya zithandwa kakhulu efenisha (kanye nephansi) ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, isivinini sokulungiswa kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla aphezulu. Ukusuka ezibani ze-mercury ezivamile kuya ezinhlelweni zezibani ze-LED kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla futhi kunciphise izindleko zokushintsha izibani. UŠemen uyavuma ukuthi kuzoba nomkhuba okhulayo wokwelapha i-LED, onikeza izikhathi zokulungisa ngokushesha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi. Uphinde abikezele ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezingxenye ezisekelwe ku-bio njengoba abathengi befuna imikhiqizo yokuhlobisa enomthelela ophansi kwezemvelo, umkhuba oqhuba ukufakwa kwama-resin asekelwe ezitshalweni kanye namafutha emvelo, isibonelo.
Nakuba izembozo ezithwala amanzi ze-1K kanye ne-2K zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezimfanelo zazo zemvelo, uKansai Helios uphawula okubalulekile: “Ngokuphathelene nezembozo ze-2K PU, silindele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuzoncipha kancane kancane ngenxa yemikhawulo kuma-hardener azoqala ukusebenza mhla zingama-23 kuNcwaba 2023. Kodwa-ke, kuzothatha isikhathi ukuthi lolu shintsho lufezeke ngokugcwele.”
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlukile ziletha ukuncintisana okunzima
Ingxenye yesibili ngobukhulu yizimbozo ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zokubopha ezinesabelo esingama-23% emakethe yomhlaba wonke yezimbozo zezinkuni zezimboni. Isifunda sase-Asia Pacific siyimakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yesifunda enesabelo esingama-54%, silandelwe yiYurophu enesabelo esingama-22%. Isidingo siqhutshwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezintsha kanye nemakethe yokufaka esikhundleni. Ukusetshenziswa kokhuni ezindaweni zokuhlala nezentengiselwano kubhekene nokuncintisana okukhulu okuvela ezintweni ezihlukile ezifana ne-UPVC, iminyango ehlanganisiwe neye-aluminium, amafasitela kanye nezimbozo, ezinikeza ukunakekelwa okuphansi futhi zincintisana kakhulu ngentengo. Naphezu kwezinzuzo zemvelo zokusebenzisa ukhuni njengezinto zokubopha, ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kokhuni lweminyango, amafasitela kanye nezimbozo eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kubuthakathaka kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhula kwalezi zinto ezihlukile. Isidingo sezinto zokubopha izinkuni sinamandla kakhulu emazweni amaningi e-Asia Pacific ngenxa yokwanda kwezinhlelo zezindlu zokuhlala kanye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zezentengiselwano okuhambisana nazo, njengamahhovisi namahhotela, okusabela ekukhuleni kwabantu, ukwakheka kwemindeni kanye nokuhlala emadolobheni.
Izembozo ezithwala i-solvent zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokuhlanganisa i-coating ezifana neminyango, amafasitela kanye ne-trim, kanti izinhlelo ze-polyurethane ezithwala i-solvent zizoqhubeka nokusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ephezulu. Abakhiqizi abathile bamafasitela basathanda izembozo ezithwala i-solvent ezinengxenye eyodwa ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuvuvukala kwezinkuni kanye nokuphakamisa okusanhlamvu okubangelwa ukusebenzisa izembozo ezithwala amanzi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukukhathazeka kwemvelo kukhuphuka kanye nezindinganiso zomthetho ziba nzima kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, abenzi bezembozo bahlola ezinye izindlela ezihlala isikhathi eside ezithwala amanzi, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo ezisekelwe ku-polyurethane. Abanye abakhiqizi beminyango basebenzisa izinhlelo zokwelapha imisebe. Ama-varnish alaphekayo e-UV asetshenziswa kangcono esitokweni esiphansi, njengeminyango, enikeza ukukhuhla okuthuthukisiwe, ukumelana namakhemikhali kanye nokumelana namabala: ezinye izembozo ezinombala eziminyango zilapheka ngomsebe we-electron.
Ingxenye yezingubo zokhuni incane kakhulu kwezintathu, cishe ingu-3% wemakethe yezingubo zokhuni zezimboni zomhlaba wonke, kanti isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific sithatha cishe u-55% wemakethe yezingubo zokhuni zomhlaba wonke.
Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza nge-UV bukhethwa kakhulu ngabaningi
Emakethe yanamuhla yephansi, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zephansi lezinkuni, ezincintisana nezinye izinhlobo zephansi, njengephansi le-vinyl kanye namathayela e-ceramic, ezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nezindawo ezingezona ezokuhlala: phansi okuqinile noma okunzima, phansi kwezinkuni ezenziwe ngobunjiniyela kanye nephansi le-laminate (okuwumkhiqizo wephansi osebenza ngokhuni). Zonke izinkuni ezenziwe ngobunjiniyela, phansi kwe-laminate kanye neningi lephansi eliqinile noma okunzima kuqediwe efektri.
Izembozo ezisekelwe ku-polyurethane zivame ukusetshenziswa phansi kokhuni ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, ubulukhuni kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali. Intuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe be-alkyd ne-polyurethane obuqhutshwa ngamanzi (ikakhulukazi ukuhlakazeka kwe-polyurethane) kusize ekwakhiweni kwezembozo ezintsha eziqhutshwa ngamanzi ezingafanelana nezakhiwo zezinhlelo eziqhutshwa yi-solvent. Lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe buhambisana nemithetho ye-VOC futhi busheshise ukushintshela ezinhlelweni eziqhutshwa ngamanzi zephansi lokhuni. Ubuchwepheshe bezembozo ze-UV buyindlela ekhethwayo yamabhizinisi amaningi ngenxa yokusebenza kwabo ezindaweni eziyisicaba, okuhlinzeka ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, ukuklwebheka okuvelele kanye nokumelana nokuklwebheka.
Ukwakhiwa okukhuthaza ukukhula kodwa kunethuba elikhulu
Ngokufanayo nemakethe yezembozo zokwakha ngokuvamile, izinto ezibalulekile ezibangela izembozo zokhuni zezimboni ukwakhiwa okusha kwezindawo zokuhlala nezindawo ezingezona ezokuhlala, kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezindawo (okusekelwa ngokwengxenye yimali engenayo esetshenziswayo ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba). Isidingo sokwakhiwa okwengeziwe kwezindawo zokuhlala sisekelwa ukukhula kwabantu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokwanda kokufudukela kwabantu emadolobheni. Sekungamashumi eminyaka, izindlu ezingabizi kakhulu bezilokhu ziyinkinga enkulu emazweni amaningi omhlaba futhi zingaxazululwa kuphela ngokwandisa izindlu.
Ngokombono womkhiqizi, i-Mojca Šemen ikhomba inselele enkulu njengokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezinto ezisetshenziswa njengomkhiqizo wokugcina ongcono kakhulu oncike ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kuyimpendulo enamandla emncintiswaneni oqinile ovela kwezinye izinto. Kodwa-ke ucwaningo lwemakethe lubonisa ukukhula okubuthakathaka ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zokubopha izinkuni kanye nophahla lwezinkuni, kokubili ekwakheni okusha kanye nalapho sekuyisikhathi sokugcina izici zokhuni: umnyango wokhuni, ifasitela noma phansi kuvame ukushintshwa ngomkhiqizo wezinto ezihlukile kunokuba kube ngowokhuni.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukhuni luyinto eyisisekelo eyinhloko kakhulu yefenisha, ikakhulukazi ifenisha yasekhaya, futhi aluthinteki kakhulu ukuncintisana okuvela emikhiqizweni yezinto ezihlukile. Ngokusho kwe-CSIL, inhlangano yocwaningo lwemakethe yefenisha eseMilan, ukhuni lwabalelwa cishe ku-74% wenani lokukhiqizwa kwefenisha ku-EU28 ngo-2019, kulandele insimbi (25%) kanye nepulasitiki (1%).
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yezingubo zokhuni zezimboni kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-3.8% CAGR phakathi kuka-2022 no-2027, kanti izingubo zefenisha zokhuni zikhula ngokushesha ku-4% CAGR kunezingubo zokubopha (3.5%) kanye nephansi lokhuni (3%).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-30-2025
