Izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini zinqoba amasheya amasha emakethe ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo sezinye izindlela ezingalimaza imvelo.
14.11.2024
Izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini zinqoba amasheya amasha emakethe ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo sezinye izindlela ezinobungani nemvelo. Umthombo: irissca – stock.adobe.com
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokugxila okwandayo ekusimeni kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wemvelo, okuholele ekudingweni okuphezulu kwezingubo ezisekelwe emanzini. Lo mkhuba usekelwa kakhulu yizinhlelo zomthetho ezihlose ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-VOC kanye nokukhuthaza ezinye izindlela ezinobungani nemvelo.
Imakethe yezingubo zokugqoka ezithwala amanzi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule kusuka ku-EUR 92.0 billion ngo-2022 iye ku-EUR 125.0 billion ngo-2030, okubonisa izinga lokukhula lonyaka elingu-3.9%. Imboni yezingubo zokugqoka ezisebenzisa amanzi iyaqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha, ithuthukisa amafomula amasha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukuqina, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa. Njengoba ukuzinza kuthola ukubaluleka kokuthandwa kwabathengi kanye nezidingo zomthetho, imakethe yezingubo zokugqoka ezisebenzisa amanzi kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula.
Ezimakethe ezisafufusa zesifunda sase-Asia-Pacific (APAC), kunesidingo esikhulu sezingubo ezisekelwe emanzini ngenxa yezigaba ezahlukene zentuthuko yomnotho kanye nobubanzi bezimboni. Ukukhula komnotho kuqhutshwa kakhulu amazinga aphezulu okukhula kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ezimbonini ezifana nezimoto, izimpahla zabathengi kanye nezinto zikagesi, ukwakhiwa, kanye nefenisha. Lesi sifunda singenye yezindawo ezikhula ngokushesha kokubili ekukhiqizweni nasekudingweni kopende oluvela emanzini. Ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe be-polymer kungahluka kuye ngesigaba semakethe yokusetshenziswa kokugcina, futhi, ngezinga elithile, izwe elisetshenziswa kulo. Kodwa-ke, kusobala ukuthi isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific sishintsha kancane kancane kusuka ezigqokeni ezisekelwe ku-solvent zendabuko kuya ezigqokeni eziqinile, ezisekelwe emanzini, ezifakwe ku-powder, kanye nezinhlelo ezingelapheki ngamandla.
Izakhiwo ezihlala isikhathi eside kanye nesidingo esikhulayo ezimakethe ezintsha kudala amathuba
Izakhiwo ezinobungani nemvelo, ukuqina, kanye nobuhle obuthuthukisiwe kukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Imisebenzi yokwakha emisha, ukupenda kabusha, kanye nokukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali ezimakethe ezisafufusa yizici ezibalulekile ezihlinzeka ngamathuba okukhula kwabahlanganyeli bemakethe. Kodwa-ke, ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokuguquguquka kwamanani e-titanium dioxide kuletha izinselelo ezinkulu.
Izembozo ze-acrylic resin (AR) ziphakathi kwezembozo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla. Lezi zembozo ziyizinto eziyingxenye eyodwa, ikakhulukazi ama-polymer e-acrylic alungisiwe ancibilikiswe ezincibilikisini zokusetshenziswa kobuso. Ama-resin e-acrylic asekelwe emanzini anikeza ezinye izindlela ezinobungani nemvelo, anciphisa iphunga nokusetshenziswa kwe-solvent ngesikhathi sokupenda. Ngenkathi izihlanganisi ezisekelwe emanzini zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlanganisweni zokuhlobisa, abakhiqizi bathuthukise ne-emulsion yamanzi kanye ne-dispersion resin ehloselwe izimboni ezifana ne-electronics yabathengi, izimoto, kanye nemishini yokwakha. I-Acrylic iyi-resin esetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yamandla ayo, ukuqina, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-solvent, ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nomthelela, kanye nobunzima. Ithuthukisa izakhiwo zobuso ezifana nokubukeka, ukunamathela, kanye nokumanzi futhi inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala nokuklwebheka. Ama-resin e-Acrylic asebenzise ukuhlanganiswa kwawo kwe-monomer ukukhiqiza izihlanganisi ze-acrylic ezisetshenziswa emanzini ezifanele kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle. Lezi zihlanganisi zisekelwe kubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-polymers okusabalalisa, ama-polymers esisombululo, kanye nama-polymers angemva kwe-emulsified.
Ama-Resins e-Acrylic Ashintsha Ngokushesha
Njengoba imithetho nemigomo yemvelo ikhula, i-resin ye-acrylic esekelwe emanzini isibe umkhiqizo othuthuka ngokushesha onezicelo ezivuthiwe kuzo zonke izembozo ezisekelwe emanzini ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezijwayelekile ze-resin ye-acrylic nokwandisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwayo, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene zokwenziwa kwe-polymerization kanye namasu athuthukile okuguqulwa kwe-acrylate. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuhlose ukubhekana nezinselele ezithile, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwemikhiqizo ye-resin ye-acrylic etholakala emanzini, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Ukuqhubekela phambili, kuzoba nesidingo esiqhubekayo sokuthuthukisa i-resin ye-acrylic esekelwe emanzini ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuningi, kanye nezici ezinobungani nemvelo.
Imakethe yezingubo zokugqoka esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific ikhula kakhulu futhi kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula ngenxa yokukhula kwezindawo zokuhlala, ezingezona ezokuhlala, kanye nezimboni. Isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific sihlanganisa umnotho ohlukahlukene ezigabeni ezahlukene zentuthuko yomnotho kanye nezimboni eziningi. Lokhu kukhula kuqhutshwa kakhulu yizinga eliphezulu lokukhula komnotho. Abadlali abaphambili abaphambili bandisa ukukhiqizwa kwabo kwezingubo zokugqoka ezisekelwe emanzini e-Asia, ikakhulukazi eShayina naseNdiya.
Ukushintshela Ekukhiqizeni Kuye Emazweni ase-Asia
Isibonelo, izinkampani zomhlaba wonke zithuthela umkhiqizo emazweni ase-Asia ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, okunomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kwemakethe. Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili balawula ingxenye enkulu yemakethe yomhlaba wonke. Imikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe efana ne-BASF, i-Axalta, kanye ne-Akzo Nobel njengamanje inesabelo esikhulu emakethe yezingubo zasemanzini zaseShayina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinkampani zomhlaba ezivelele zandisa ngenkuthalo amandla azo ezingubo zasemanzini eShayina ukuze zithuthukise ukuncintisana kwazo. NgoJuni 2022, i-Akzo Nobel yatshala imali emgqeni omusha wokukhiqiza eShayina ukuze kwandiswe amandla okuletha imikhiqizo esimeme. Imboni yezingubo zaseShayina kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngenxa yokugxila okukhulu emikhiqizweni ye-VOC ephansi, ukonga amandla, kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi.
Uhulumeni waseNdiya uqalise uhlelo lwe-“Make in India” ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwemboni yawo. Lolu hlelo lugxile emikhakheni engu-25, okuhlanganisa izimoto, izindiza, izitimela, amakhemikhali, ezokuvikela, ezokukhiqiza, kanye nezokupakisha. Ukukhula embonini yezimoto kusekelwa ukukhula kwamadolobha okusheshayo kanye nokukhula kwezimboni, ukwanda kwamandla okuthenga, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi. Ukwanda kwabakhiqizi bezimoto abakhulu ezweni kanye nokwanda kwemisebenzi yokwakha, okuhlanganisa namaphrojekthi amaningana adinga imali eningi kakhulu, kuholele ekukhuleni komnotho okusheshayo eminyakeni yamuva. Uhulumeni utshala imali kumaphrojekthi engqalasizinda ngokusebenzisa utshalomali oluqondile lwangaphandle (i-FDI), okulindeleke ukuthi lwandise imboni yopende etholakala emanzini.
Imakethe iyaqhubeka nokubona isidingo esikhulu sezingubo zokugqoka ezinobungani nemvelo ezisekelwe ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zemvelo. Izingubo zokugqoka ezisebenzisa amanzi ziyathandwa ngenxa yokugxila okukhulu ekusimeni kanye nemithethonqubo eqinile ye-VOC. Ukwethulwa kwemithetho emisha kanye nemithethonqubo eqinile, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo ezifana ne-European Commission's Eco-product Certification Scheme (ECS) kanye nezinye izinhlaka zikahulumeni, kugcizelela ukuzibophezela ekukhuthazeni indawo eluhlaza nezinzile enokukhishwa okuncane noma okungenangozi kwe-VOC. Imithethonqubo kahulumeni e-United States naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, ikakhulukazi leyo ehlose ukungcola komoya, kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubekisele phambili ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha, obukhipha ukungcola okuncane. Ukuphendula lezi zindlela, izingubo zokugqoka ezisebenzisa amanzi ziye zavela njengezixazululo ezingenayo i-VOC kanye ne-lead, ikakhulukazi emazweni avuthiwe njengeNtshonalanga Yurophu kanye ne-US.
Kudingeka Intuthuko Ebalulekile
Ukwanda kolwazi ngezinzuzo zalezi penti ezinobungani nemvelo kuqhuba isidingo emikhakheni yokwakha yezimboni, yezindawo zokuhlala, kanye nengeyona eyezindawo zokuhlala. Isidingo sokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuqina kwezingubo ezigqokwa ngamanzi siqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukiswa kwe-resin kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwengeza. Izingubo ezigqokwa ngamanzi zivikela futhi zithuthukise i-substrate, zinegalelo emigomweni yokusimama ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ngenkathi kulondolozwa i-substrate futhi kwakhiwa izambatho ezintsha. Nakuba izambatho ezigqokwa emanzini zisetshenziswa kabanzi, kusenezinkinga zobuchwepheshe okufanele zixazululwe, njengokuthuthukisa ukuqina.
Imakethe yezingubo zokugqoka ezithwala amanzi isalokhu incintisana kakhulu, ngamandla amaningana, izinselele, kanye namathuba. Amafilimu asekelwe emanzini, ngenxa yemvelo ye-resin kanye ne-dispersants esetshenziswayo ethanda amanzi, alwela ukwakha izithiyo eziqinile futhi axoshe amanzi. Izithasiselo, ama-surfactant, kanye nemibala kungathinta i-hydrophilicity. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuqhakaza nokuqina okuphansi, ukulawula izakhiwo ze-hydrophilicity zezingubo zokugqoka ezithwala amanzi kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kwamanzi ngokweqile yifilimu "eyomile". Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi kungaholela ekususweni kwamanzi ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwe-VOC ephansi, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yezingubo zokugqoka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-12-2025
