Ubuchwepheshe be-UV bubhekwa ngabaningi njengobuchwepheshe "obusha" bokulungisa izembozo zezimboni. Nakuba bungaba busha kwabaningi embonini yezembozo zezimboni nezezimoto, sebukhona iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kweminye imboni…
Ubuchwepheshe be-UV bubhekwa ngabaningi njengobuchwepheshe "obusha" bokuphulukisa izembozo zezimboni. Nakuba bungase bube busha kwabaningi embonini yezembozo zezimboni nezezimoto, sebukhona iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kweminye imboni. Abantu bahamba ngemikhiqizo yephansi ye-vinyl embozwe yi-UV nsuku zonke, futhi abaningi bethu banayo emakhaya ethu. Ubuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa i-UV budlala indima enkulu embonini yama-elekthronikhi abathengi. Isibonelo, endabeni yamafoni, ubuchwepheshe be-UV busetshenziswa ekumbozeni izindlu zepulasitiki, izembozo zokuvikela ama-elekthronikhi angaphakathi, izingxenye eziboshiwe ze-UV kanye nasekukhiqizweni kwezikrini zombala ezitholakala kwamanye amafoni. Ngokufanayo, izimboni ze-fiber optical kanye ne-DVD/CD zisebenzisa izembozo ze-UV kanye nezinamathiselo kuphela futhi ngabe azikho njengoba sizazi namuhla ukube ubuchwepheshe be-UV abuzange buvumele ukuthuthukiswa kwazo.
Ngakho-ke kuyini ukwelapha nge-UV? Kalula nje, kuyinqubo yokuhlanganisa ukugqoka ngenqubo yamakhemikhali eqalwe futhi isekelwe amandla e-UV. Ngaphansi komzuzu ukugqoka kuguqulwa kusuka kuketshezi kube yinto eqinile. Kukhona umehluko oyisisekelo kwezinye zezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokusebenza kwama-resin ku-coating, kodwa lokhu kusobala kumsebenzisi we-coating.
Imishini yokusetshenziswa evamile efana nezibhamu zokufutha ezifakwe i-atomized air-atomized, i-HVLP, izinsimbi ezijikelezayo, i-flow coating, i-roll coating kanye neminye imishini isebenzisa i-UV coating. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokungena kuhhavini oshisayo ngemva kokufaka i-coating kanye ne-solvent flash, i-coating iphiliswa ngamandla e-UV akhiqizwa izinhlelo zezibani ze-UV ezihlelwe ngendlela ekhanyisa i-coating ngenani elincane lamandla adingekayo ukuze kufezwe ukwelashwa.
Izinkampani nezimboni ezisebenzisa izimfanelo zobuchwepheshe be-UV zilethe inani elingavamile ngokuhlinzeka ngempumelelo yokukhiqiza ephezulu kanye nomkhiqizo wokugcina ongcono kakhulu ngenkathi zithuthukisa inzuzo.
Ukusebenzisa Izimfanelo ze-UV
Yiziphi izimfanelo ezibalulekile ezingasetshenziswa? Okokuqala, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukupholisa kushesha kakhulu futhi kungenziwa ekushiseni kwegumbi. Lokhu kuvumela ukupholisa okuphumelelayo kwezingxenye ezithinta ukushisa, futhi zonke izimbozo zingaphola ngokushesha kakhulu. Ukupholisa nge-UV kuyisihluthulelo sokukhiqiza uma isithiyo (intamo yebhodlela) enkambisweni yakho isikhathi eside sokupholisa. Futhi, ijubane livumela inqubo enomkhawulo omncane kakhulu. Ukuze uqhathanise, ukugcoba okuvamile okudinga ukubhaka imizuzu engama-30 ngesivinini somugqa esingu-15 fpm kudinga amafidi angu-450 e-conveyor kuhhavini, kuyilapho ukugcoba okupholishwe nge-UV kungadinga amafidi angu-25 kuphela (noma ngaphansi) e-conveyor.
Ukusabela kokuxhumanisa kwe-UV kungabangela ukumbozwa okuqinile kakhulu ngokomzimba. Nakuba ukumbozwa kungenziwa kube nzima ekusetshenzisweni okufana nophansi, kungenziwa futhi kube lula kakhulu. Zombili izinhlobo zokumbozwa, eziqinile neziguquguqukayo, zisetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo zezimoto.
Lezi zimfanelo ziyimbangela yokuqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa nokungena kobuchwepheshe be-UV kwezembozo zezimoto. Yiqiniso, kunezinselele ezihambisana nokuphiliswa kwe-UV kwezembozo zezimboni. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kumnikazi wenqubo yikhono lokuveza zonke izindawo zezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi emandleni e-UV. Ubuso obuphelele bezembozo kumele buvezwe emandleni amancane e-UV adingekayo ukuze kulungiswe isembozo. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlaziywa ngokucophelela kwengxenye, ukuqoqwa kwezingxenye, kanye nokuhlelwa kwezibani ukuze kususwe izindawo zethunzi. Kodwa-ke, kube nokuthuthuka okukhulu ezibani, izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo eklanyiwe enqoba iningi lalezi zithiyo.
Ukukhanyisa Okuya Ezimoto
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto okukhethekile lapho i-UV isibe ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile kusembonini yokukhanyisa phambili yezimoto, lapho izembozo ze-UV sezisetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 futhi manje seziphethe u-80% wemakethe. Izibani zekhanda zakhiwe yizingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ezidinga ukumbozwa - ilensi ye-polycarbonate kanye nendlu yokubonisa ukukhanya. Ilensi idinga isembozo esiqinile kakhulu, esingaklwebhi ukuze ivikele i-polycarbonate ezintweni eziyingozi kanye nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba. Indlu yokubonisa ukukhanya ine-basecoat ye-UV (primer) evala i-substrate futhi inikeze indawo ebushelelezi kakhulu yokwenza insimbi ibe nkulu. Imakethe ye-basecoat yokubonisa ukukhanya manje isilaphekile ngo-100% we-UV. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kube ukukhiqizwa okuthuthukisiwe, indawo encane yenqubo kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokubonisa ukukhanya.
Nakuba izembozo ezisetshenziswayo zilashwe yi-UV, ziqukethe i-solvent. Kodwa-ke, iningi le-overspray liyabuyiselwa futhi liphinde lisetshenziswe, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kokudlulisa okucishe kube yi-100%. Ukugxila ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo ukwandisa izinto eziqinile zibe yi-100% nokuqeda isidingo se-oxidizer.
Izingxenye Zepulasitiki Zangaphandle
Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaziwa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-UV clearcoat elaphekayo phezu kwe-moldings yomzimba ebunjiwe ngombala. Ekuqaleni, le coating yathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphuzi ekuvezweni kwangaphandle kwe-vinyl body side moldings. I-coating kwakufanele ibe lukhuni kakhulu futhi iguquguquke ukuze igcine ukunamathela ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kwezinto ezishaya i-molding. Izinto ezibangela ukusetshenziswa kwe-UV coating kulolu hlelo lokusebenza ijubane lokwelapha (unyawo lwenqubo encane) kanye nezakhiwo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Amaphaneli Omzimba e-SMC
I-Sheet molding compound (SMC) iyinto ehlanganisiwe esetshenziswe njengenye indlela esikhundleni sensimbi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30. I-SMC yakhiwe nge-resin ye-polyester egcwele ingilazi efakwe emashidini. Lawa mashidi abe esefakwa esikhumbeni sokucindezela bese enziwa amaphaneli omzimba. I-SMC ingakhethwa ngoba yehlisa izindleko zamathuluzi okukhiqiza okuncane, yehlisa isisindo, inikeza ukumelana nokubola nokugqwala, futhi inikeza i-latitude enkulu kubadwebi bezitayela. Kodwa-ke, enye yezinselele ekusebenziseni i-SMC ukuqedwa kwengxenye esitshalweni sokuhlanganisa. I-SMC iyi-substrate enezimbobo. Lapho iphaneli yomzimba, manje esemotweni, idlula kuhhavini wopende we-clearcoat, kungenzeka kube khona iphutha lopende elaziwa ngokuthi “i-porosity pop”. Lokhu kuzodinga okungenani ukulungiswa kwebala, noma uma kukhona “ama-pops” anele, ukupenda kabusha okuphelele kwegobolondo lomzimba.
Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, ngomzamo wokuqeda lesi sici, i-BASF Coatings yathengisa i-UV/thermal hybrid sealer. Isizathu sokusebenzisa ikhambi elihlanganisiwe ukuthi i-overspray izokwelashwa ezindaweni ezingezona ezibucayi. Isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqeda "ama-porosity pops" ukuchayeka kumandla e-UV, okwandisa kakhulu ubuningi be-cross-link ye-exposed coating ezindaweni ezibucayi. Uma i-sealer ingatholi amandla amancane e-UV, i-coating isadlula zonke ezinye izidingo zokusebenza.
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa okubili kulesi simo kunikeza izakhiwo ezintsha zokumboza ngokusebenzisa ukuphulukisa kwe-UV ngenkathi kunikeza isici sokuphepha sokumboza ohlelweni olunenani eliphezulu. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza alubonisi nje kuphela ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-UV bunganikeza izakhiwo zokumboza ezihlukile, kodwa futhi lubonisa ukuthi uhlelo lokumboza olucinywe yi-UV luyasebenza ezingxenyeni zezimoto ezinenani eliphezulu, ezinomthamo omkhulu, ezinkulu neziyinkimbinkimbi. Lolu hlobo lokumboza lusetshenziswe kumaphaneli omzimba angaba yisigidi.
Ijazi Elicacile Le-OEM
Kungashiwo ukuthi ingxenye yemakethe yobuchwepheshe be-UV ebonakala kakhulu yiphaneli yomzimba yangaphandle yezimoto i-Class A coatings. I-Ford Motor Company ibonise ubuchwepheshe be-UV emotweni eyisibonelo, i-Concept U car, e-North American International Auto Show ngo-2003. Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza obaboniswa kwakuyi-clearcoat eqiniswe yi-UV, eyakhiwe futhi yanikezwa yi-Akzo Nobel Coatings. Lokhu kumboza kwafakwa futhi kwaphola phezu kwamaphaneli omzimba ngamanye enziwe ngezinto ezahlukene.
E-Surcar, ingqungquthela ehamba phambili yomhlaba wonke yezingubo zezimoto ebibanjwa njalo eminyakeni emibili eFrance, i-DuPont Performance Coatings kanye ne-BASF banikeze izethulo ngo-2001 nango-2003 ngobuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa i-UV bezingubo zezimoto ezicacile. Umshayeli walolu hlelo ukuthuthukisa inkinga eyinhloko yokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngopende—ukuklwebheka nokumelana nokubola. Zombili izinkampani zithuthukise izingubo ze-hybrid-cure (UV kanye nokushisa). Inhloso yokulandela indlela yobuchwepheshe be-hybrid ukunciphisa ubunzima bohlelo lokuphulukisa i-UV ngenkathi kufinyelelwa izici zokusebenza eziqondiwe.
Bobabili iDuPont neBASF bafake imigqa yokuhlola ezindaweni zabo. Umugqa weDuPont eWuppertal unamandla okwelapha umzimba wonke. Izinkampani zokumboza akumelwe nje zibonise ukusebenza kahle kokumboza, kodwa futhi kufanele zibonise isisombululo somugqa wopende. Enye yezinzuzo zokwelashwa kwe-UV/thermal okukhulunywe yiDuPont ukuthi ubude bengxenye ye-clearcoat yomugqa wokuqeda bungancishiswa ngo-50% ngokunciphisa ubude be-oven yokushisa.
Kusukela ohlangothini lobunjiniyela, i-Dürr System GmbH inikeze isethulo ngomqondo wesitshalo sokuhlanganisa sokuphiliswa kwe-UV. Enye yezinto ezibalulekile kulezi zindlela kwakuyindawo yenqubo yokuphiliswa kwe-UV emgqeni wokugcina. Izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zazihlanganisa ukuthola izibani ze-UV ngaphambi, ngaphakathi noma ngemva kwe-oven eshisayo. I-Dürr inomuzwa wokuthi kunezixazululo zobunjiniyela zezinketho eziningi zenqubo ezibandakanya ukwakheka kwamanje okusathuthukiswayo. I-Fusion UV Systems iphinde yethula ithuluzi elisha - ukulingiswa kwekhompyutha kwenqubo yokuphiliswa kwe-UV yezimoto. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwenziwa ukusekela nokusheshisa ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe bokuphiliswa kwe-UV ezitshalweni zokuhlanganisa.
Ezinye Izinhlelo Zokusebenza
Umsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa uyaqhubeka ngezimbozo zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwezimoto, izimbozo zamasondo e-alloy kanye nezimbozo zamasondo, izimbozo ezicacile phezu kwezingxenye ezinkulu ezibunjiwe ngombala kanye nezingxenye ezingaphansi kwe-hood. Inqubo ye-UV iyaqhubeka nokuqinisekiswa njengeplatifomu yokwelapha ezinzile. Konke okushintshayo ngempela ukuthi izimbozo ze-UV ziya ngokuya zikhuphukela ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ezinenani eliphakeme. Ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwenqubo kuye kwabonakala ngokusetshenziswa kokukhanyisa kwangaphambili. Yaqala eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule futhi manje iyindinganiso embonini.
Nakuba ubuchwepheshe be-UV bunalokho abanye abakubheka njengento “epholile”, lokho imboni efuna ukukwenza ngalobu buchwepheshe ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezinhle kakhulu ezinkingeni zabaqeqi. Akekho osebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe. Kufanele bulethe inani. Inani lingafika ngesimo sokukhiqiza okuthuthukisiwe okuhlobene nesivinini sokulungiswa. Noma lingavela ezimpahleni ezithuthukisiwe noma ezintsha ongazange ukwazi ukuzifeza ngobuchwepheshe bamanje. Lingavela ekhwalithini ephezulu yokuqala ngoba ungqimba luvulekele ukungcola isikhathi esincane. Lingase linikeze indlela yokunciphisa noma yokususa i-VOC esikhungweni sakho. Ubuchwepheshe bungaletha inani. Imboni ye-UV kanye nabaqeqi kudingeka baqhubeke nokusebenza ndawonye ukuze bakhe izixazululo ezithuthukisa isisekelo somqeqi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-14-2023
