Ubuchwepheshe be-UV bubhekwa ngabaningi njengobuchwepheshe "obuzayo" bokuphulukisa izimbobo zezimboni. Yize kungase kube kusha kwabaningi embonini yokuhlanganisa izimboni nezimoto, sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kwezinye izimboni…
Ubuchwepheshe be-UV bubhekwa ngabaningi njengobuchwepheshe "obuzayo" bokuphulukisa izimbobo zezimboni. Nakuba kungase kube kusha kwabaningi embonini yokuhlanganisa izimboni nezimoto, sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ikhona kwezinye izimboni. Abantu bahamba emikhiqizweni ye-vinyl evalwe nge-UV nsuku zonke, futhi abaningi bethu banayo ezindlini zethu. Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha be-UV bubuye bubambe iqhaza elikhulu embonini ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi. Isibonelo, endabeni yomakhalekhukhwini, ubuchwepheshe be-UV busetshenziswa ekunambeni kwezindlu zepulasitiki, ezimbotsheni zokuvikela izinto zikagesi zangaphakathi, izakhi ezinamathelayo ze-UV ngisho nasekukhiqizeni izikrini zemibala ezitholakala kwamanye amafoni. Ngokufanayo, izimboni ze-optical fibre kanye ne-DVD/CD zisebenzisa i-UV enamathelayo nezinamatheliso kuphela futhi bezingeke zibe khona njengoba sizazi namuhla ukube ubuchwepheshe be-UV abuzange bunikeze amandla ukuthuthukiswa kwazo.
Ngakho-ke yini ukwelapha kwe-UV? Okulula kakhulu, kuyinqubo yokuxhumanisa (ukwelapha) ukunamathela ngenqubo yamakhemikhali eqalwe futhi isekelwa amandla e-UV. Esikhathini esingaphansi komzuzu ukugqoka kuyaguqulwa kusuka oketshezini kuya kokuqinile. Kunomehluko obalulekile kwezinye zezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nokusebenza kuma-resin aku-coating, kodwa lokhu kubonakala kumsebenzisi wokumboza.
Imishini evamile yokufaka isicelo njengezibhamu ze-atomized spray gun, i-HVLP, izinsimbi ezijikelezayo, i-flow coating, i-roll coating nezinye izinto zokusebenza zisebenzisa i-UV. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokungena kuhhavini oshisayo ngemuva kokumbozwa kwe-coat kanye ne-solvent flash, ukumbozwa kwelashwa ngamandla e-UV akhiqizwe amasistimu wezibani ze-UV ahlelwe ngendlela ekhanyisa ukumbozwa ngenani elincane lamandla adingekayo ukuze kutholakale ukwelashwa.
Izinkampani nezimboni ezisizakala ngezimfanelo zobuchwepheshe be-UV zilethe inani elimangalisayo ngokuhlinzeka ngokukhiqiza okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kanye nomkhiqizo wokugcina osezingeni eliphezulu kuyilapho zithuthukisa inzuzo.
Ukuxhaphaza Izimfanelo ze-UV
Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko ezingase zisetshenziswe? Okokuqala, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukwelapha kuyashesha kakhulu futhi kungenziwa ekamelweni lokushisa. Lokhu kuvumela ukuphulukiswa okusebenzayo kwama-substrates angezwani nokushisa, futhi zonke izimbotshana zingelapheka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukwelashwa kwe-UV kuyisihluthulelo sokukhiqiza uma isithiyo (intamo yebhodlela) ohlelweni lwakho kuyisikhathi eside sokwelashwa. Futhi, isivinini sivumela inqubo enezinyathelo ezincane kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa, ukunamathela okuvamile okudinga ukubhaka kwemizuzu engu-30 ngesivinini somugqa we-15 fpm kudinga u-450 ft wesidluliseli kuhhavini, kuyilapho i-UV ephulukisiwe ingase idinge kuphela u-25 ft (noma ngaphansi) wesithuthi.
Ukusabela kokuxhumanisa kwe-UV kungaholela ezembeni elinokuqina komzimba okuphakeme kakhulu. Nakuba izinto zokumboza zingakhiwa zibe nzima ukwenza izinto ezifana ne-flooring, zingenziwa futhi zibe nezimo kakhulu. Zombili izinhlobo zokugqoka, eziqinile futhi eziguquguqukayo, zisetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto.
Lezi zimfanelo ziyizishayeli zokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokungena kobuchwepheshe be-UV bezingubo zezimoto. Vele, kunezinselelo ezihlobene nokuphulukiswa kwe-UV kwezingubo zezimboni. Okukhathaza kakhulu umnikazi wenqubo yikhono lokudalula zonke izindawo zezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi emandleni e-UV. Ubuso obuphelele bokumboza kufanele buvezwe kumandla amancane we-UV adingekayo ukuze ukwelapha ukunamathela. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela ingxenye, racking izingxenye, futhi ukuhlelwa izibani ukuqeda ithunzi izindawo. Kodwa-ke, kube nokuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kwezibani, izinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe enqoba iningi lalezi zingqinamba.
I-Automotive Forward Lighting
Uhlelo oluthile lwezimoto lapho i-UV isiphenduke ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile isembonini yokukhanyisa phambili yezimoto, lapho ama-UV asetshenziselwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 futhi manje ayala u-80% wemakethe. Amalambu ekhanda akhiwa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ezidinga ukugcotshwa - ilensi ye-polycarbonate kanye nendlu ekhanyayo. Ilensi idinga ukunamathela okuqinile, ukumelana nokuklwebheka ukuze kuvikelwe i-polycarbonate ezintweni kanye nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba. Indawo ekhanyayo ine-basecoat ye-UV (i-primer) evala i-substrate futhi inikeze indawo ebushelelezi kakhulu yokwenza insimbi. Imakethe ye-reflector basecoat manje empeleni isilaphekile nge-UV engu-100%. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokutholwa kube ukukhiqizwa okuthuthukisiwe, inqubo encane yokulandelana kwezinyathelo kanye nezakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokuhlanganisa.
Nakuba izinto zokumboza ezisetshenziswayo zelashiwe yi-UV, ziqukethe i-solvent. Kodwa-ke, iningi le-overspray liyabuyiswa futhi liphinde lisetshenziswe kabusha enqubweni, okufinyelelwa cishe ku-100% wokudlulisa kahle. Ukugxila ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo ukukhulisa okuqinile ku-100% nokuqeda isidingo se-oxidizer.
Izingxenye Zepulasitiki Zangaphandle
Esinye sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezaziwa kancane ukusetshenziswa kwejazi elihlanzekile elelaphekayo le-UV phezu kokubunjwa okubunjwe ngombala ohlangothini lomzimba. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kunamathela kwenzelwe ukunciphisa ukuphuzi ekuvezweni kwangaphandle kokubunjwa okuseceleni kwe-vinyl. Ukugqoka kwakudingeka kube nzima kakhulu futhi kuguquguquke ukuze kugcinwe ukunamathela ngaphandle kokuqhekeka ezintweni ezishaya ukubunjwa. Abashayeli bokusetshenziswa kwezingubo ze-UV kulolu hlelo lokusebenza yijubane lokwelapha (inqubo encane yokunyathelisa) kanye nezakhiwo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Amaphaneli Womzimba we-SMC
Ikhompiyutha yokubumba amashidi (i-SMC) iyinhlanganisela esetshenziswe njengenye indlela esikhundleni sensimbi iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-30. I-SMC iqukethe i-polyester resin egcwele ingilazi efakwe emashidini. Lawa mashidi abe esefakwa esikhunjeni sokuminyanisa futhi akhiwe abe amaphaneli omzimba. I-SMC ingakhethwa ngoba yehlisa izindleko zamathuluzi emishini emincane yokukhiqiza, yehlisa isisindo, inikeza ukumelana nokubola nokugqwala, futhi inikeza i-latitude enkulu kuma-stylists. Nokho, enye yezinselelo ekusebenziseni i-SMC ukuqedwa kwengxenye endaweni yokuhlanganisa. I-SMC iyi-substrate enezimbotshana. Lapho iphaneli yomzimba, manje esemotweni, idlula kuhhavini kapende we-clearcoat, kungase kuvele iphutha likapende elaziwa ngokuthi "i-porosity pop". Lokhu kuzodinga okungenani ukulungiswa kwendawo, noma uma kukhona “ama-pop” anele, ukupeyintwa kabusha okugcwele kwegobolondo lomzimba.
Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, emzamweni wokuqeda leli phutha, i-BASF Coatings yathengisa isivali se-UV/thermal hybrid hybrid. Isizathu sokusebenzisa ikhambi elixubile ukuthi i-overspray izokwelapheka ezindaweni ezingabalulekile. Isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqeda "ama-porosity pops" ukuchayeka kumandla e-UV, okwandisa kakhulu ukuminyana kwe-cross-link ye-coating eveziwe ezindaweni ezibucayi. Uma isitywini singakutholi ubuncane bamandla e-UV, ukumboza kusadlula zonke ezinye izidingo zokusebenza.
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha okukabili kulesi sibonelo kunikeza izici zokumboza ezintsha ngokusebenzisa ukwelapha kwe-UV kuyilapho kunikeza isici sokuphepha sokumboza ohlelweni lwenani eliphezulu. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza alubonisi nje kuphela ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-UV bunganikeza kanjani izinto zokumboza eziyingqayizivele, luphinde lubonise ukuthi isistimu yokunamathela e-UV iyasebenza ezingxenyeni zezimoto zenani eliphezulu, zevolumu ephezulu, ezinkulu neziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kunamathela kusetshenziswe kumaphaneli omzimba acishe abe yisigidi.
I-OEM Clearcoat
Ngokungangabazeki, ingxenye yemakethe yobuchwepheshe be-UV ebonakala kakhulu ingaphandle lezimoto zephaneli yomzimba ye-Class A. IFord Motor Company ikhombise ubuchwepheshe be-UV emotweni eyisibonelo, i-Concept U, embukisweni wezimoto waseNorth American International Auto Show ngo-2003. Ubuchwepheshe bokugcotshwa okwakhonjiswa kwakuyijazi elihlanzekile elakhiwe yi-UV, elakhiwe futhi lahlinzekwa ngabakwa-Akzo Nobel Coatings. Lokhu kunamathela kwasetshenziswa futhi kwelapheka phezu kwamaphaneli omzimba ngamunye enziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene.
E-Surcar, ingqungquthela yokuqala yomhlaba wonke yokumboza izimoto eyayibanjwa minyaka yonke e-France, i-DuPont Performance Coatings kanye ne-BASF yethula izethulo ngo-2001 nango-2003 ngobuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa i-UV kuma-clearcoat ezimoto. Umshayeli walokhu kuthuthukiswa ukuthuthukisa udaba oluyinhloko lokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngopende—ukumelana nokuklwebheka kanye ne-mar. Zombili izinkampani zenze izimbotshana ze-hybrid-cure (UV & thermal). Injongo yokuphishekela indlela yobuchwepheshe eyingxube ukunciphisa ubunkimbinkimbi besistimu yokwelapha ye-UV kuyilapho kufinyelelwa izici zokusebenza okuhlosiwe.
Kokubili i-DuPont ne-BASF bafake olayini bokushayela ezikhungweni zabo. Ulayini we-DuPont ku-Wuppertal unamandla okwelapha imizimba egcwele. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi izinkampani zokumboza kufanele zibonise ukusebenza kahle kokugqoka, futhi kufanele zibonise isisombululo somugqa wepende. Enye yezinye izinzuzo zokwelashwa kwe-UV/okushisayo okukhulunywe ngayo yi-DuPont ukuthi ubude bengxenye ye-clearcoat yomugqa wokuqedela bungancishiswa ngo-50% ngokunciphisa ubude bukahhavini oshisayo.
Ngasohlangothini lobunjiniyela, i-Dürr System GmbH inikeze isethulo ngomqondo wesitshalo sokuhlanganisa wokwelapha nge-UV. Enye yezinto eziguquguqukayo ezibalulekile kule miqondo indawo yenqubo yokwelapha ye-UV emgqeni wokuqeda. Izixazululo ezenziwe ngobunjiniyela zazihlanganisa ukuthola amalambu e-UV ngaphambi, ngaphakathi noma ngemva kukahhavini oshisayo. UDürr unomuzwa wokuthi kunezixazululo zobunjiniyela zezinketho eziningi zenqubo ezibandakanya ukwakheka kwamanje okusathuthukiswayo. I-Fusion UV Systems iphinde yethula ithuluzi elisha - ukulingisa kwekhompyutha inqubo yokwelapha i-UV yemizimba yezimoto. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwenzelwe ukusekela nokusheshisa ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha i-UV ezindaweni ezihlanganisayo.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza
Umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa uyaqhubeka ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwezimoto, amasondo engxubevange namakhava amasondo, amajazi acacile phezu kwezingxenye ezinkulu ezibunjwe ngombala kanye nezingxenye ezingaphansi. Inqubo ye-UV iyaqhubeka nokuqinisekiswa njengenkundla ezinzile yokwelapha. Okushintshayo ngempela ukuthi izimbotshana ze-UV zikhuphukela ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinenani eliphakeme. Ukuzinza nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwenqubo kuboniswe ngesicelo sokukhanyisa phambili. Yaqala eminyakeni engu-20 edlule futhi manje isisezingeni lemboni.
Yize ubuchwepheshe be-UV bunalokho abanye abakubheka njengento “epholile”, lokho imboni efuna ukukwenza ngalobu buchwepheshe ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zezinkinga zabaqedile. Akekho osebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe. Kufanele ilethe inani. Inani lingafika ngendlela yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe ehlobene nesivinini sokwelapha. Noma ingavela ezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe noma ezintsha ongakwazanga ukuzifinyelela ngobuchwepheshe bamanje. Ingavela kukhwalithi ephezulu yokuqala ngoba i-coating ivulekele ukungcola isikhathi esincane. Ingase ikunikeze izindlela zokunciphisa noma zokuqeda i-VOC endaweni yakho. Ubuchwepheshe bungaletha inani. Imboni ye-UV kanye nabaqedi kudingeka baqhubeke nokusebenzisana ukuze benze izixazululo ezithuthukisa umugqa womphetho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-14-2023
