Konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nesikhathi esedlule, samanje nekusasa le-stereolithography

I-Vat photopolymerization, ikakhulukazi i-laser stereolithography noma i-SL/SLA, kwaba ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bokuphrinta be-3D emakethe. U-Chuck Hull wayisungula ngo-1984, wayigunyaza ngo-1986, futhi wasungula i-3D Systems. Inqubo isebenzisa uhlaka lwe-laser ukwenza polymerize into esebenzayo ye-monomer ku-vat. Izendlalelo ezenziwe nge-photopolymerized (ezilashiwe) zinamathela kupuleti lokwakha eliya phezulu noma phansi kuye ngehadiwe, okuvumela izendlalelo ezilandelanayo ukuthi zakheke. Amasistimu e-SLA angaphinda akhiqize izingxenye ezincane kakhulu nezinembayo kusetshenziswa i-diameter ye-laser beam encane, ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Micro SLA noma i-µSLA. Bangakwazi futhi ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinkulu kakhulu besebenzisa i-diameter ye-beam enkulu kanye nezikhathi zokukhiqiza ezinde, ngaphakathi kwevolumu yokwakha elinganiselwa ngaphezu kwama-cubic metres amabili.

Iphrinta ye-SLA-1 Stereolithography (SLA), iphrinta yokuqala yezohwebo ye-3D, yethulwa yi-3D Systems ngo-1987.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana zobuchwepheshe be-vat photopolymerization ezitholakalayo namuhla. Eyokuqala eyavela ngemva kwe-SLA kwakuyi-DLP (I-Digital Light Processing), eyakhiwe yi-Texas Instruments futhi yalethwa emakethe ngo-1987. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-laser beam ye-photopolymerization, ubuchwepheshe be-DLP busebenzisa i-digital light projektha (efana ne-standard TV projector). Lokhu kuyenza isheshe kune-SLA, njengoba ingakwazi ukwenza isithombe-photopolymerize ungqimba lonke lwento ngesikhathi esisodwa (okubizwa ngokuthi inqubo "ye-planar"). Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi yezingxenye incike ekuxazululeni kweprojektha futhi iyancipha njengoba usayizi ukhula.

Njengokwengezwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, i-stereolithography ifinyeleleke kakhulu ngokutholakala kwamasistimu abiza kancane. Amasistimu okuqala anezindleko eziphansi ayesekelwe kuzinqubo zangempela ze-SLA ne-DLP. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva, isizukulwane esisha se-ultra-low-cost, izinhlelo ezihlangene ezisekelwe emithonjeni yokukhanya ye-LED / LCD iye yavela. Ukuvela okulandelayo kwe-vat photopolymerization kwaziwa ngokuthi "iqhubekayo" noma "i-layerless" photopolymerization, ngokuvamile esekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-DLP. Lezi zinqubo zisebenzisa ulwelwesi, ngokuvamile umoya-mpilo, ukunika amandla amanani okukhiqiza asheshayo naqhubekayo. Ilungelo lobunikazi lalolu hlobo lwe-stereolithography laqala ukubhaliswa ngo-2006 yi-EnvisionTEC, inkampani ye-DLP esiye yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-ETEC, kulandela ukutholwa kwayo yi-Desktop Metal. Kodwa-ke, iCarbon, inkampani ezinze eSilicon Valley, yaba ngeyokuqala ukumaketha lobu buchwepheshe ngo-2016 futhi isizimise njengomholi emakethe. Ubuchwepheshe be-Carbon, okwaziwa nge-DLS (I-Digital Light Synthesis), bunikeza amanani okukhiqiza aphezulu kakhulu kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza izingxenye ezinemathiriyeli eyingxube eqinile, ehlanganisa ama-thermoset nama-photopolymers. Ezinye izinkampani, njenge-3D Systems (Figure 4), i-Origin (manje eseyingxenye ye-Stratasys), i-LuxCreo, i-Carima, nezinye, ziye zafaka ubuchwepheshe obufanayo emakethe.