Lokhu kukhula okulindelekile kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukise amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda aqhubekayo futhi abambezelekile ikakhulukazi izindlu ezingabizi, imigwaqo, kanye nezitimela.
Umnotho wase-Afrika kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule kancane ngo-2024 njengoba ohulumeni ezwenikazi belindele ukwanda okukhulu komnotho ngo-2025. Lokhu kuzovula indlela yokuvuselelwa nokuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi engqalasizinda, ikakhulukazi kwezokuthutha, amandla kanye nezindlu, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezingubo.
Umbono omusha wezomnotho we-Afrika yiBhange Lentuthuko Lase-Afrika (i-AfDB) lesifunda ubikezela ukuthi umnotho wezwekazi uzokhuphuka ufike ku-3.7% ngo-2024 kanye no-4.3% ngo-2025.
“Ukwanda okulindelwe ekukhuleni okujwayelekile kwe-Afrika kuzoholwa yiMpumalanga Afrika (okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-3.4) kanye neNingizimu Afrika kanye neNtshonalanga Afrika (ngalinye likhuphuka ngamaphesenti angu-0.6),” kusho umbiko we-AfDB.
Okungenani amazwe ase-Afrika angu-40 "azokhula kakhulu ngo-2024 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2023, kanti inani lamazwe anezinga lokukhula elingaphezu kuka-5% lizokhuphuka lifinyelele ku-17," kusho ibhange.
Lokhu kukhula okulindelekile, noma ngabe kuncane kangakanani, kulindeleke ukuthi kusekele umkhankaso we-Afrika wokunciphisa umthwalo wayo wezikweletu zangaphandle, kuqinise amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda aqhubekayo futhi abambezelekile, ikakhulukazi izindlu ezingabizi, imigwaqo, izitimela, kanye nezikhungo zemfundo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nenani labafundi elikhula ngokushesha.
Amaphrojekthi Engqalasizinda
Amaphrojekthi amaningi engqalasizinda ayaqhubeka emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika ngisho nanjengoba u-2024 uphela, abanye babahlinzeki bezingubo zokugqoka esifundeni babika ukwanda kwemali engenayo yokuthengisa kwikota yokuqala, yesibili, neyesithathu yonyaka okubangelwa ukusebenza kahle kwemikhakha yokukhiqiza njengemboni yezimoto kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe emkhakheni wezindlu.
Isibonelo, omunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bopende eMpumalanga Afrika, i-Crown Paints (Kenya) PLC eyasungulwa ngo-1958, uthole ukukhula okungu-10% kwemali engenayo engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka eyaphela ngomhlaka-30 Juni 2024 yaya ku-US$47.6 million uma kuqhathaniswa ne-US$43 million yonyaka odlule.
Inzuzo yenkampani ngaphambi kwentela yayimi ku-US$1.1 million uma kuqhathaniswa ne-US$568,700 esikhathini esiphele ngomhlaka-30 Juni 2023, okuwukwenyuka okubangelwe “ukukhula kwenani lokuthengisa.”
“Inzuzo iyonke iphinde yakhuliswa ukuqiniswa kweshilingi laseKenya uma kuqhathaniswa nezimali ezinkulu zomhlaba phakathi nesikhathi esiphele ngoJuni 30, 2024 kanye namazinga okushintshana amahle aqinisekise ukuzinza kwamanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingenisiwe,” kusho uConrad Nyikuri, unobhala wenkampani yeCrown Paints.
Ukusebenza kahle kweCrown Paints kunomthelela omkhulu ekuhlinzekweni kwemikhiqizo ethile evela kubadlali bemakethe yomhlaba wonke inkampani eyisabalalisa imikhiqizo yabo eMpumalanga Afrika.
Ngaphandle kohlobo lwayo lopende lwezimoto olutholakala ngaphansi kweMotocryl yayo emakethe engakahleleki, iCrown Paints iphinde ihlinzeke ngohlobo lweDuco kanye nemikhiqizo ehamba phambili emhlabeni evela kuNexa Autocolour (PPG) kanye neDuxone (Axalta Coating Systems) kanye nenkampani ehamba phambili yamakhemikhali okunamathelayo nokwakha, iPidilite. Okwamanje, uhla lopende lweCrown Silicone lukhiqizwa ngaphansi kwelayisensi evela kuWacker Chemie AG.
Kwenye indawo, inkampani enkulu yezembozo zikawoyela, igesi kanye nezasolwandle i-Akzo Nobel, lapho iCrown Paints inesivumelwano sokuhlinzeka khona, ithi ukuthengisa kwayo e-Afrika, imakethe eyingxenye yesifunda saseYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, kubonise ukwanda kokuthengisa okungokwemvelo ngo-2% kanye nemali engenayo engu-1% kwikota yesithathu ka-2024. Inkampani ithi ukukhula kokuthengisa okungokwemvelo kushukunyiswe kakhulu “yintengo enhle.”
Umbono omuhle ofanayo ubikwe yi-PPG Industries, ethi “ukuthengiswa kwezinto eziphilayo unyaka nonyaka kwezingubo zokwakha eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Afrika bekungashintshi, okuyinto enhle ngemuva kokwehla kwezingxenye ezine kwezine.”
Lokhu kwanda kokusetshenziswa kopende nezingubo zokugqoka e-Afrika kungabangelwa ukwanda kwesidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda okuhlobene nomkhuba okhulayo wokukhula kokusetshenziswa kwabantu abazimele, imboni yezimoto eqinile yesifunda kanye nokukhula kokwakhiwa kwezindlu emazweni afana neKenya, i-Uganda neGibhithe.
“Ngenxa yokukhula kwesigaba esiphakathi kanye nokwanda kwezindleko zokusetshenziswa kwemindeni, ukusetshenziswa kwezimali ezizimele e-Afrika kuveza amathuba abalulekile okuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda,” kusho umbiko we-AfDB.
Eqinisweni, ibhange libona eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule ukuthi “izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwempahla yangasese e-Afrika bezilokhu zikhula kancane kancane, zibangelwa yizici ezifana nokukhula kwenani labantu, ukusabalala kwamadolobha, kanye nesigaba esiphakathi esikhulayo.”
Ibhange lithi ukusetshenziswa kwemali yangasese e-Afrika kukhule kusuka ku-$470 billion ngo-2010 kwaya ngaphezu kuka-$1.4 trillion ngo-2020, okumele ukwanda okukhulu okudale "isidingo esikhulayo sengqalasizinda ethuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa amanethiwekhi ezokuthutha, izinhlelo zamandla, ezokuxhumana, kanye nezindawo zamanzi nezokuhlanzeka."
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohulumeni abahlukahlukene esifundeni bakhuthaza uhlelo lwezindlu ezingabizi ukuze kufezwe okungenani izindlu eziyizigidi ezingama-50 ukuze kulungiswe ukushoda kuleli zwekazi. Lokhu cishe kuchaza ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwezingubo zokuhlobisa nezokwakha ngo-2024, okulindelwe ukuthi kuqhubeke ngo-2025 njengoba kuqedwa amaphrojekthi amaningi esikhathini esiphakathi neside.
Okwamanje, yize i-Afrika ilindele ukungena ku-2025 ijabulela imboni yezimoto echumayo, kusekhona ukungaqiniseki emakethe yomhlaba wonke okuhlobene nesidingo esibuthakathaka somhlaba wonke esiye sanciphisa isabelo sezwekazi emakethe yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kanye nokungazinzi kwezepolitiki emazweni afana neSudan, iDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) kanye neMozambique.
Isibonelo, imboni yezimoto yaseGhana, eyayinenani lama-US$4.6 billion ngo-2021, kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ama-US$10.64 billion ngo-2027 ngokusho kombiko wabaphathi beDawa Industrial Zone, indawo yezimboni eklanywe ngenhloso eGhana ehlose ukusingatha izimboni eziningi ezilula nezisindayo emikhakheni eyahlukene.
“Lokhu kukhula kugcizelela amathuba amakhulu ase-Afrika njengemakethe yezimoto,” kusho umbiko.
“Ukwanda kwesidingo sezimoto ngaphakathi kwezwekazi, kanye nokuzimisela ukuzimela ekukhiqizeni, kuvula izindlela ezintsha zokutshalwa kwezimali, ukusebenzisana kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokubambisana nezinkampani ezinkulu zezimoto zomhlaba wonke,” kusho isitatimende.
ENingizimu Afrika, i-Automotive Business Council (naamsa) yezwe, okuyinhlangano yokusiza imboni yezimoto yaseNingizimu Afrika, ithi ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezweni kukhuphuke ngo-13.9%, kusuka kumayunithi angu-555,885 ngo-2022 kuya kumayunithi angu-633,332 ngo-2023, “okudlula ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto emhlabeni jikelele okungu-10.3% ngo-2023.”
Ukunqoba Izinselele
Ukusebenza komnotho wase-Afrika onyakeni omusha kuzoncika kakhulu endleleni ohulumeni basezwenikazi ababhekana ngayo nezinye zezinselele ezingase zithinte ngqo noma ngokungaqondile imakethe yezingubo zokumboza yezwekazi.
Isibonelo, impi yombango eqhubekayo eSudan iyaqhubeka nokubhubhisa ingqalasizinda ebalulekile njengezokuthutha, izakhiwo zokuhlala nezentengiselwano futhi ngaphandle kokuzinza kwezepolitiki, ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwezimpahla ngabakhi bezinto zokuhlobisa sekucishe kungenzeki.
Nakuba ukubhujiswa kwengqalasizinda kuzodala amathuba ebhizinisi kubakhiqizi bezingubo zokumboza kanye nabaphakeli ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kabusha, umthelela wempi emnothweni ungaba yinhlekelele esikhathini esimaphakathi neside.
“Umthelela wengxabano emnothweni waseSudan ubonakala ujule kakhulu kunalokho obekuhlolwe ngaphambilini, njengoba ukwehla komkhiqizo wangempela kukhuphuke ngaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu kwaya kumaphesenti angu-37.5 ngo-2023, kusukela kumaphesenti angu-12.3 ngoJanuwari 2024,” kusho i-AfDB.
“Le ngxabano nayo inomthelela omkhulu ekuthelelekeni, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Sudan engomakhelwane, ethembele kakhulu emipayipini nasezindaweni zokuhluza zale ndawo, kanye nengqalasizinda yechweba lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe uwoyela,” kusho i-ejensi.
Ingxabano, ngokusho kwe-AfDB, ibangele ukubhujiswa okukhulu kwamandla ezimboni abalulekile kanye nengqalasizinda enkulu yezokuthutha kanye nezintambo zokuhlinzeka, okuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Isikweletu sase-Afrika siphinde sibe usongo emandleni ohulumeni esifundeni okuchitha imali ezintweni ezisindayo ezidla imikhakha efana nemboni yokwakha.
“Emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika, izindleko zokukhokha izikweletu zikhuphukile, zacindezela izimali zomphakathi, futhi zanciphisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwengqalasizinda kahulumeni kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kubantu, okugcina izwekazi lisemjikelezweni omubi obamba i-Afrika endleleni yokukhula ephansi,” kusho ibhange.
Emakethe yaseNingizimu Afrika, i-Sapma namalungu ayo kufanele balungiselele umbuso wezomnotho oqinile njengoba ukukhuphuka kwamanani aphezulu, ukuntuleka kwamandla kagesi, nezinkinga zezokuthutha kubeka izithiyo zokukhula kwemikhakha yokukhiqiza neyezimayini yezwe.
Kodwa-ke, ngokunyuka komnotho wase-Afrika okulindelwe kanye nokwenyuka okulindelekile kwezindleko zezimali ngohulumeni esifundeni, imakethe yezingubo zokumboza yezwekazi nayo ingakhula ngo-2025 nangale kwalokho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-07-2024
