phakathi namashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlule kuye kwaba ukunciphisa inani lezincibilikisi ezikhishelwa emkhathini. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-VOC (inhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo ezishintshayo) futhi, ngempumelelo, ahlanganisa zonke izincibilikisi esizisebenzisayo ngaphandle kwe-acetone, enokusebenza okuphansi kakhulu kwe-photochemical futhi ekhululiwe njengesixazululi se-VOC.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma singaqeda izincibilikisi ngokuphelele futhi sithole imiphumela emihle yokuzivikela kanye neyokuhlobisa ngomzamo omncane?
Lokho kungaba kuhle - futhi singakwazi. Ubuchwepheshe okwenza lokhu kwenzeke bubizwa nge-UV curing. Isetshenziswe kusukela ngawo-1970 kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezihlanganisa insimbi, ipulasitiki, ingilazi, iphepha futhi, ngokuya ngezinkuni.
Izindwangu ezilashwe yi-UV ziyelapheka lapho zivezwe ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet ebangeni le-nanometer ekugcineni okuphansi noma ngaphansi kokukhanya okubonakalayo. Izinzuzo zabo zihlanganisa ukuncishiswa okuphawulekayo noma ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwama-VOC, imfucuza encane, indawo encane yaphansi edingekayo, ukuphathwa ngokushesha nokupakishwa (ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokumisa ama-rack), izindleko ezincishisiwe zabasebenzi kanye namazinga okukhiqiza asheshayo.
Okubili okungalungile okubalulekile izindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zemishini kanye nobunzima bokuqeda izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-3-D. Ngakho-ke ukungena ekwelapheni kwe-UV kuvame ukukhawulelwa ezitolo ezinkulu ezenza izinto eziyisicaba njengezicabha, amaphaneli, ama-flooring, ukunquma kanye nezingxenye ezilungele ukuhlangana.
Indlela elula yokuqonda ukuqedwa okulashwe yi-UV iwukuqhathanisa neziphetho ezijwayelekile ezenziwe nge-catalyzed okungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene nazo. Njengasekuqedweni okwenziwe nge-catalyzed, ukuqedwa okulashwe yi-UV kuqukethe inhlaka yokufeza ukwakha, isincibilikisi noma esikhundleni sokuncipha, i-catalyst yokuqala ukuxhumanisa futhi ilethe ukuphulukiswa nezinye izithasiselo ezifana nama-ejenti aphansi ukuze anikeze izici ezikhethekile.
Kusetshenziswa inani lama-resin ayisisekelo, okuhlanganisa okuphuma ku-epoxy, urethane, acrylic ne-polyester.
Kuzo zonke izimo, lawa ma-resin elapha kanzima kakhulu futhi awakwazi ukumelana ne-solvent kanye nokunwaya, okufana ne-catalyzed (conversion) varnish. Lokhu kwenza ukulungisa okungabonakali kube nzima uma ifilimu eselashiwe kufanele ilimale.
Iziqephu ezilashwe yi-UV zingaba izinto eziqinile ezingamaphesenti angu-100 eziwuketshezi. Okusho ukuthi, ubukhulu balokho okufakwa okhunini bufana nobukhulu be-coating ephulukisiwe. Akukho okuzohwamuka. Kodwa i-resin eyinhloko iwugqinsi kakhulu ukuze isetshenziswe kalula. Ngakho-ke abakhiqizi bengeza ama-molecule amancane asebenzayo ukunciphisa i-viscosity. Ngokungafani nezincibilikisi, ezihwamukayo, la ma-molecule anezelwe ahlangana nama-molecule amakhulu e-resin ukuze akhe ifilimu.
Izincibilikisi noma amanzi nawo angengezwa njengama-thinner uma kufunwa ukwakhiwa kwefilimu elincanyana, ngokwesibonelo, ngejazi le-sealer. Kodwa ngokuvamile azidingeki ukwenza isiphetho sifuthwe. Lapho izincibilikisi noma amanzi engezwa, kufanele avunyelwe, noma enziwe (kuhhavini), ukuba ahwamuke ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuphulukiswa kwe-UV.
I-catalyst
Ngokungafani ne-varnish eyenziwe nge-catalyzed, eqala ukuphulukiswa lapho i-catalyst yengezwa, i-catalyst ekuqedeni okulashwe yi-UV, ebizwa ngokuthi "i-photoinitiator," ayenzi lutho kuze kube yilapho ivezwe emandleni okukhanya kwe-UV. Khona-ke iqala ukusabela okusheshayo kweketango elixhumanisa wonke amangqamuzana asendaweni enamathelayo ukuze akhe ifilimu.
Le nqubo yiyona eyenza ukuqedwa kwe-UV-cured kuhluke kakhulu. Empeleni alikho ishalofu- noma impilo yebhodwe yokuqeda. Ihlala isesimweni esiwuketshezi kuze kube yilapho ivezwa ekukhanyeni kwe-UV. Bese yelapheka ngokuphelele phakathi kwemizuzwana embalwa. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kungamisa ukuphulukisa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugwema lolu hlobo lokuchayeka.
Kungase kube lula ukucabanga nge-catalyst yezingubo ze-UV njengezingxenye ezimbili kuneyodwa. Kukhona isithwebuli sezithombe esivele sisekupheleni - cishe amaphesenti angu-5 oketshezi - futhi kukhona amandla okukhanya kwe-UV akucisha. Ngaphandle kokubili, akukho okwenzekayo.
Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele senza kube nokwenzeka ukuphinda ufune isivuvu esingaphezulu kobubanzi bokukhanya kwe-UV futhi usebenzise isiphetho futhi. Ngakho imfucuza ingacishe iqedwe ngokuphelele.
Isibani se-UV esivamile i-mercury-vapor bulb kanye nesibonisi esiyi-elliptical ukuze siqoqe futhi siqondise ukukhanya engxenyeni. Umqondo uwukugxilisa ukukhanya kumphumela omkhulu ekucimeni isithwebuli sezithombe.
Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule noma ngaphezulu ama-LED (ama-light-emitting diode) aseqalile ukushintsha ama-bulb endabuko ngenxa yokuthi ama-LED asebenzisa ugesi omncane, ahlala isikhathi eside, akudingeki ukuthi afudumale futhi abe nobubanzi obuncane be-wavelength ukuze angadali cishe njengoba ukushisa okuningi okudala inkinga. Lokhu kushisa kungancibilikisa ama-resin okhunini, njengakuphayini, futhi ukushisa kufanele kuphele.
Inqubo yokwelapha iyafana, nokho. Konke "kuyindlela yokubona." Isiphetho silapha kuphela uma ukukhanya kwe-UV kuyishaya isuka ebangeni eligxilile. Izindawo ezisethunzini noma ezingaphandle kokukhanya aziyali. Lokhu kuwumkhawulo obalulekile wokwelashwa kwe-UV okwamanje.
Ukuze welaphe ukunamathela kunoma iyiphi into eyinkimbinkimbi, ngisho nento ecishe ibe isicaba njengokubunjwa okunephrofayili, izibani kufanele zihlelwe ukuze zishaye yonke indawo ebangeni eligxilile elifanayo ukuze lifane nokwakheka kwe-coating. Lesi yisizathu sokuthi izinto eziyisicaba zakha iningi lamaphrojekthi ambozwe ngokuqedwa kwe-UV.
Amalungiselelo amabili ajwayelekile okufakwa kwe-UV-coating kanye nokuphulukisa umugqa oyisicaba kanye negumbi.
Ngomugqa oyisicaba, izinto eziyisicaba noma cishe eziyisicaba zihamba phansi kusidlulisi ngaphansi kwesifutho noma ngerola noma ngegumbi le-vacuum, bese ngokusebenzisa kuhhavini uma kudingekile ukuze kukhishwe izincibilikisi noma amanzi futhi ekugcineni kube ngaphansi koxhaxha lwamalambu e-UV ukuze kutholakale ikhambi. Izinto zingabe sezipakishwa ngokushesha.
Emakamelweni, izinto zivame ukulengiswa futhi zihanjiswe eduze kwe-conveyor ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanayo. Ikamelo lenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqedwa kwazo zonke izinhlangothi ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nokuqedwa kwezinto ezingeyona inkimbinkimbi, ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu.
Okunye okungenzeka ukusebenzisa irobhothi ukuzungezisa into ephambi kwamalambu e-UV noma ubambe isibani se-UV bese uzungeza into.
Abahlinzeki badlala indima ebalulekile
Ngezinto zokusebenza ezilashwe yi-UV, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki kunokwenza amavarnish enziwe nge-catalyzed. Isizathu esikhulu yinani leziguquko okumele zididiyelwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubude be-wavelength bama-bulb noma ama-LED kanye nebanga lawo kusuka ezintweni, ukubunjwa kwe-coating kanye nesivinini somugqa uma usebenzisa umugqa wokuqeda.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-23-2023
