Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, lokhu bekuwukunciphisa inani lezinto ezincibilikisayo ezikhishwa emoyeni. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-VOC (ama-volatile organic compounds) futhi, empeleni, zihlanganisa zonke izinto ezincibilikisayo esizisebenzisayo ngaphandle kwe-acetone, ene-reactivity ephansi kakhulu ye-photochemical futhi ekhishwe njenge-solvent ye-VOC.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma singaziqeda ngokuphelele izinyibilikisi kodwa sithole imiphumela emihle yokuvikela nokuhlobisa ngomzamo omncane?
Lokho kungaba kuhle — futhi singakwenza. Ubuchwepheshe obenza lokhu kwenzeke bubizwa ngokuthi ukuphulukisa nge-UV. Bebulokhu busetshenziswa kusukela ngawo-1970 kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezifaka insimbi, ipulasitiki, ingilazi, iphepha kanye, ikakhulukazi, nokhuni.
Izimbozo eziqiniswe nge-UV ziyaphola uma zivezwa ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet ebangeni le-nanometer ekugcineni okuphansi noma ngaphansi nje kokukhanya okubonakalayo. Izinzuzo zazo zifaka phakathi ukunciphisa okukhulu noma ukususa ngokuphelele ama-VOC, imfucuza encane, isikhala esincane esidingekayo phansi, ukuphathwa ngokushesha kanye nokufakwa kwenqwaba (ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokomisa ama-rack), izindleko zabasebenzi ezincishisiwe kanye namazinga okukhiqiza okusheshayo.
Izinto ezimbili ezibalulekile ezimbi izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu zemishini kanye nobunzima bokuqeda izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-3-D. Ngakho-ke ukungena ekucwilisweni kwe-UV kuvame ukukhawulelwa ezitolo ezinkulu ezenza izinto ezisicaba njengeminyango, amaphaneli, phansi, ukuhlobisa kanye nezingxenye ezilungele ukuhlanganiswa.
Indlela elula yokuqonda ukuqeda okuqiniswe nge-UV ukukuqhathanisa nokuqeda okuvamile okuqiniswe nge-catalyzed okungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene nakho. Njengoba kunjalo ngokuqeda okuqiniswe nge-catalyzed, ukuqeda okuqiniswe nge-UV kuqukethe i-resin yokufeza ukwakheka, i-solvent noma indawo yokunciphisa, i-catalyst yokuqala ukuxhumanisa nokuletha ukupholisa kanye nezinye izithasiselo ezifana nama-flatting agents ukuze anikeze izici ezikhethekile.
Kusetshenziswa ama-resin amaningi ayinhloko, okuhlanganisa ama-derivative e-epoxy, i-urethane, i-acrylic kanye ne-polyester.
Kuzo zonke izimo lawa ma-resin ayaphola kakhulu futhi ayakwazi ukumelana nokuncibilika nokuklwebheka, afana ne-varnish evuselelwe (ukuguqulwa). Lokhu kwenza ukulungiswa okungabonakali kube nzima uma ifilimu evuselelwe yonakala.
Ukuqeda okuqiniswe yi-UV kungaba yizinto eziqinile eziyi-100% ngesimo soketshezi. Okusho ukuthi, ubukhulu balokho okubekwe okhunini bufana nobukhulu bengubo eqinisiwe. Akukho lutho oluzoshiswa. Kodwa i-resin eyinhloko ijiyile kakhulu ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kalula. Ngakho-ke abakhiqizi banezela ama-molecule amancane asabelayo ukuze banciphise i-viscosity. Ngokungafani nezinyibilikisi, ezishiswayo, la ma-molecule engeziwe axhumene nama-molecule amakhulu e-resin ukuze akhe ifilimu.
Izinyibilikisi noma amanzi angangezwa futhi njengezinciphisi uma kudingeka ukwakheka kwefilimu encane, isibonelo, kwengubo yesivalo. Kodwa ngokuvamile azidingeki ukuze kufefezwe. Uma kufakwa izinyibilikisi noma amanzi, kumele zivunyelwe, noma zenziwe (kuhhavini), ukuba ziphele ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukushiswa kwe-UV.
Isikhuthazi
Ngokungafani ne-catalyzed varnish, eqala ukuphola lapho i-catalyst ingezwa, i-catalyst enesiphetho esiqiniswe yi-UV, ebizwa ngokuthi “i-photoinitiator,” ayenzi lutho ize ivezwe emandleni okukhanya kwe-UV. Bese iqala ukusabela okusheshayo kweketanga okuhlanganisa wonke ama-molecule asekumbozweni ndawonye ukuze kwakheke ifilimu.
Le nqubo yiyo eyenza ukuqedwa okuqiniswe yi-UV kube okuhlukile kangaka. Empeleni akukho isikhathi sokuphila eshalofini noma ebhodweni lokuqeda. Kuhlala kusesimweni soketshezi kuze kube yilapho kuvezwa ekukhanyeni kwe-UV. Bese kuphola ngokuphelele ngemizuzwana embalwa. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kungasusa ukucinywa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugwema lolu hlobo lokucinywa.
Kungaba lula ukucabanga nge-catalyst ye-UV coating njengezingxenye ezimbili kuneyodwa. Kukhona i-photoinitiator esivele isiphelile — cishe amaphesenti ama-5 oketshezi — futhi kukhona amandla okukhanya kwe-UV okuyibangela. Ngaphandle kwakho kokubili, akukho okwenzekayo.
Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele senza kube nokwenzeka ukubuyisa i-overspray ngaphandle kobubanzi bokukhanya kwe-UV bese usebenzisa isiphetho futhi. Ngakho-ke imfucuza ingasuswa cishe ngokuphelele.
Ukukhanya kwe-UV okuvamile kuyibhalbhu ye-mercury-vapor kanye ne-reflector ye-elliptical yokuqoqa nokuqondisa ukukhanya engxenyeni. Umqondo uwukugxila ukukhanya ukuze kube nomphumela omkhulu ekuvuleni i-photoinitiator.
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule noma ngaphezulu ama-LED (ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya) aqale ukuthatha indawo yama-bulb avamile ngoba ama-LED asebenzisa ugesi omncane, ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, akudingeki afudumale futhi anebanga elincane lamaza ukuze angadali ukushisa okubangela inkinga. Lokhu kushisa kungenza ama-resin abe manzi okhunini, njengasephayini, futhi ukushisa kufanele kuphele.
Inqubo yokuphulukisa iyafana nokho. Konke “kuyindlela yokubona.” Ukuphela kuyaphulukisa kuphela uma ukukhanya kwe-UV kukushaya kusuka ebangeni elinqunyiwe. Izindawo ezisethunzini noma ezingagxilile ekukhanyeni aziphulukisi. Lokhu kuwumkhawulo obalulekile wokuphulukisa kwe-UV okwamanje.
Ukuze kulungiswe ungqimba kunoma iyiphi into eyinkimbinkimbi, ngisho nento ecishe ibe yisicaba njengokwakheka okunephrofayili, izibani kumele zihlelwe ukuze zishaye yonke indawo ngebanga elifanayo eliqondile ukuze zifane nokwakheka kongqimba. Yingakho izinto ezisicaba zakha iningi lamaphrojekthi ambozwe ngokuphela okucinywe yi-UV.
Amalungiselelo amabili avamile okusetshenziswa kwe-UV-coating kanye ne-curing yi-flat line kanye ne-chamber.
Ngomugqa oyisicaba, izinto ezisicaba noma ezicishe zibe zisicaba zihamba phansi kwe-conveyor ngaphansi kwe-spray noma i-roller noma nge-vacuum chamber, bese zidlula kuhhavini uma kudingeka ukuze kususwe izinyibilikisi noma amanzi futhi ekugcineni ngaphansi kwezibani ze-UV eziningi ukuze kulungiswe. Izinto zingabekwa ngokushesha.
Emakamelweni, izinto zivame ukulengiswa bese zithuthwa ngezinyathelo ezifanayo. Ikamelweni lenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqedwa kwazo zonke izinhlangothi ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nokuqedwa kwezinto ezingezona eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinezilinganiso ezintathu.
Okunye okungenzeka ukusebenzisa irobhothi ukuzungezisa into phambi kwezibani ze-UV noma ukubamba isibani se-UV bese uhambisa into nxazonke.
Abahlinzeki badlala indima ebalulekile
Ngezimbozo nemishini eqiniswe yi-UV, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza nabahlinzeki kunangama-varnish afakwe i-catalyzed. Isizathu esiyinhloko inani lezinto eziguquguqukayo okumele zihlanganiswe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubude be-wavelength bama-bulb noma ama-LED kanye nebanga lawo ezintweni, ukwakheka kwesimbozo kanye nesivinini somugqa uma usebenzisa umugqa wokuqeda.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-23-2023
