1. Kwenzekani uma uyinki welaphekile ngokweqile?Kunombono wokuthi lapho inkino engaphezulu ivezwa ekukhanyeni okukhulu kwe-ultraviolet, izoba nzima futhi ibe nzima. Lapho abantu bephrinta omunye uyinki kule filimu kayinki eqinile bese beyomisa okwesibili, ukunamathela phakathi kwezingqimba zikayinki ongenhla nophansi kuzoba kubi kakhulu.
Omunye umbono uthi ukuphulukisa ngokweqile kuzodala i-photo-oxidation endaweni eyinki. I-Photo-oxidation izobhubhisa izibopho zamakhemikhali ebusweni befilimu ye-inki. Uma izibopho zamangqamuzana ebusweni befilimu ye-inki zicekelwa phansi noma zonakalisiwe, ukunamathela phakathi kwayo nolunye ungqimba lweyinki kuzoncishiswa. Amafilimu kayinki enziwe ngokweqile awagcini nje ngokuguquguquka kancane, kodwa futhi athambekele ekugqitheni phezulu.
2. Kungani amanye ama-ink e-UV elapha ngokushesha kunabanye?Ama-ink e-UV ngokuvamile akhiwa ngokuya ngezici zama-substrates athile kanye nezidingo ezikhethekile zezinhlelo ezithile zokusebenza. Ngokombono wamakhemikhali, lapho uyinki welapheka ngokushesha, kuba kubi nakakhulu ukuguquguquka kwawo ngemva kokwelapha. Njengoba ungacabanga, lapho uyinki welashwa, ama-molecule ayinki azobhekana nokusabela okuxhumanisayo. Uma la mangqamuzana akha inqwaba yamaketanga amangqamuzana anamagatsha amaningi, uyinki uzokwelapheka ngokushesha kodwa ngeke uguquguquke kakhulu; uma la mangqamuzana akha inani elincane lamaketanga amangqamuzana ngaphandle kwamagatsha, uyinki ungase ululaphe kancane kodwa nakanjani uzovumelana nezimo kakhulu. Oyinki abaningi baklanywe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza. Isibonelo, kuma-inki aklanyelwe ukukhiqizwa kwamaswishi e-membrane, ifilimu ye-inki ephulukisiwe kufanele ihambisane nezinamatheliso eziyinhlanganisela futhi ibe nezimo ngokwanele ukuze ivumelane nokucutshungulwa okulandelayo njengokusika i-die-cutting kanye ne-embossing.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswe kuyinki azikwazi ukusabela ebusweni be-substrate, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodala ukuqhekeka, ukuphuka noma ukubola. Ama-inki anjalo ngokuvamile aphulukisa kancane. Oyinki abaklanyelwe ukukhiqizwa kwamakhadi noma amabhodi epulasitiki aqinile awadingi ukuguquguquka okuphezulu okunjalo futhi ome ngokushesha kuye ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuthi u-inki woma ngokushesha noma kancane, kufanele siqale ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina. Enye inkinga okufanele iphawulwe yimishini yokwelapha. Abanye oyinki bangelapheka ngokushesha, kodwa ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphansi kwempahla yokwelapha, isivinini sokuphulukisa sikayinki singancipha noma singelapheki ngokuphelele.
3. Kungani ifilimu ye-polycarbonate (PC) iba phuzi uma ngisebenzisa uyinki we-UV?I-Polycarbonate izwela emisebeni ye-ultraviolet enobude obungaphansi kwama-nanometers angu-320. Ukuphuzi kwendawo yefilimu kubangelwa ukuphuka kweketango lamangqamuzana okubangelwa i-photooxidation. Izibopho zamangqamuzana epulasitiki zimunca amandla okukhanya kwe-ultraviolet futhi zikhiqize ama-radicals mahhala. Lawa ma-radicals amahhala asabela komoyampilo emoyeni futhi aguqule ukubukeka kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo zepulasitiki.
4. Ungakugwema kanjani noma ukuqeda ukuphuzi kwendawo ye-polycarbonate?Uma uyinki ye-UV isetshenziselwa ukuphrinta ifilimu ye-polycarbonate, ukuphuzi kwendawo yayo kungancishiswa, kodwa ayikwazi ukuqedwa ngokuphelele. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-bulbs anensimbi eyengeziwe noma i-gallium kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuvela kwalokhu kuphuzi. Lezi zibani zizonciphisa ukukhishwa kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet yamaza amafushane ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kwe-polycarbonate. Ukwengeza, ukuphulukisa kahle umbala we-inki ngamunye kuzosiza ekunciphiseni isikhathi sokuchayeka kwe-substrate ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet futhi kunciphise amathuba okushintsha umbala kwefilimu ye-polycarbonate.
5.Yini ubudlelwano phakathi kwamapharamitha okusetha (ama-watts ngeyintshi ngayinye) kusibani sokuphulukisa se-UV kanye nokufundwayo esikubona ku-radiometer (ama-watts ngesentimitha lesikwele noma ama-milliwatt ngesentimitha lesikwele)?
Ama-Watts ngentshi ngayinye iyunithi yamandla yesibani sokuphulukisa, esuselwa ku-Ohm's law volts (voltage) x amps (yamanje) = ama-watts (amandla); kuyilapho ama-watts ngesentimitha-skwele ngayinye noma ama-milliwatt ngesentimitha lesikwele amelela ukukhanya okuphezulu (amandla e-UV) endaweni yeyunithi ngayinye lapho i-radiometer idlula ngaphansi kwesibani sokuphulukisa. Ukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kuncike kakhulu emandleni esibani sokuphulukisa. Isizathu sokuthi kungani sisebenzisa ama-watts ukukala ukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kungenxa yokuthi kumelela amandla kagesi asetshenziswa isibani sokuphilisa. Ngaphezu kwenani likagesi elitholwe iyunithi yokuphulukisa, ezinye izici ezithinta ukukhanya okuphezulu zihlanganisa isimo kanye nejometri yesibonisi, iminyaka yesibani sokuphulukisa, kanye nebanga phakathi kwesibani sokuphulukisa kanye nendawo yokuphulukisa.
6. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-millijoules nama-milliwatts?Isamba samandla esikhanyiselwe endaweni ethile esikhathini esithile ngokuvamile siboniswa ngama-joule ngesentimitha eliyisicaba noma ama-millijoules ngesentimitha yesikwele. Ihlobene kakhulu nesivinini sebhande lokuthutha, amandla, inombolo, ubudala, isimo sezibani zokuphulukisa, kanye nesimo nesimo sezibonisi ohlelweni lokuphulukisa. Amandla wamandla e-UV noma amandla emisebe akhishelwe endaweni ethile ikakhulukazi avezwa ngama-watts/isentimitha yesikwele noma ama-milliwatt/isentimitha yesikwele. Lapho amandla e-UV ecwebezela phezulu phezulu kwe-substrate, amandla engeziwe engena kufilimu kayinki. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ama-milliwatts noma ama-millijoules, ingakalwa kuphela lapho ukuzwela kwe-wavelength kwe-radiometer kuhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile.
7. Siqinisekisa kanjani ukuphulukiswa okufanele kweyinki ye-UV?Ukwelashwa kwefilimu ye-inki uma idlula endaweni yokwelapha okokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelapha ngendlela efanele kunganciphisa ukuwohloka kwe-substrate, ukuphulukisa ngokweqile, ukumanzisa kabusha kanye nokupholisa kancane, futhi kuthuthukise ukunamathela phakathi kukayinki nokuhlekisa noma phakathi kwama-coatings. Izitshalo zokuphrinta isikrini kufanele zinqume imingcele yokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhiqiza. Ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa kukayinki we-UV, singakwazi ukuqala ukuphrinta ngesivinini esiphansi esivunyelwe i-substrate futhi selaphe amasampuli aphrintiwe ngaphambilini. Ngokulandelayo, setha amandla esibani sokuphulukisa enanini elishiwo umenzi weyinki. Lapho sisebenzelana nemibala okungelula ukuyelapha, njengomnyama nomhlophe, singakwazi futhi ukwandisa ngokufanelekile imingcele yesibani sokuphulukisa. Ngemva kokuphola kweshidi eliphrintiwe, singasebenzisa indlela yesithunzi esinezinhlangothi ezimbili ukuze sinqume ukunamathela kwefilimu kayinki. Uma isampula ingadlula isivivinyo ngokushelela, isivinini sokudlulisa iphepha singanyuswa ngamamitha ayi-10 ngomzuzu, bese ukuphrinta nokuhlolwa kungenziwa kuze kube yilapho ifilimu ye-inki ilahlekelwa ukunamathela ku-substrate, kanye nesivinini sebhande lokudlulisa kanye nemingcele yesibani yokuphulukisa. ngalesi sikhathi ziyaqoshwa. Khona-ke, ijubane lebhande lokudlulisa lingancishiswa ngo-20-30% ngokuvumelana nezici zesistimu ye-inki noma izincomo zomphakeli weyinki.
8. Uma imibala ingadluleli, ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngokuphulukisa ngokweqile?Ukwelapha ngokweqile kwenzeka lapho ifilimu ye-inki imunca ukukhanya kwe-UV okuningi kakhulu. Uma le nkinga ingatholakali futhi ixazululwe ngesikhathi, ifilimu ye-inki izoba nzima futhi ibe nzima. Yebo, inqobo nje uma singakwenzi ukuphrinta ngokweqile kombala, akudingekile ukuba sikhathazeke kakhulu ngale nkinga. Nokho, kudingeka sicabangele esinye isici esibalulekile, okuyifilimu noma i-substrate enyatheliswayo. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kungathinta izindawo eziningi ze-substrate kanye namanye amapulasitiki azwela ukukhanya kwe-UV yobude obuthile. Lokhu kuzwela kumaza amaza athile kuhlanganiswe nomoya-mpilo emoyeni kungabangela ukuwohloka kwendawo yepulasitiki. Amabhondi emolekyuli endaweni engaphansi angephuka futhi abangele ukunamathela phakathi kweyinki ye-UV ne-substrate kuhluleke. Ukuwohloka komsebenzi ongaphezulu we-substrate kuyinqubo ehamba kancane futhi kuhlobene ngokuqondile namandla okukhanya kwe-UV ewatholayo.
9. Ingabe uyinki ye-UV uyinki eluhlaza? Kungani?Uma kuqhathaniswa noyinki asuselwa ku-solvent, oyinki be-UV bavumelana kakhulu nemvelo. Oyinki abalapheka nge-UV bangaqina ngo-100%, okusho ukuthi zonke izingxenye zikayinki zizoba ifilimu kayinki yokugcina.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-inki asekelwe ku-solvent azokhipha izincibilikisi emkhathini njengoba ifilimu kayinki yoma. Njengoba izincibilikisi ziyizinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezishintshashintshayo, ziyingozi emvelweni.
10. Ingakanani iyunithi yokulinganisa yedatha yokuminyana eboniswa ku-densitometer?Ukuminyana kokubona akunawo amayunithi. I-densitometer ikala inani lokukhanya elivezwayo noma elidluliswa lisuka endaweni ephrintiwe. Iso lesithombe likagesi elixhunywe ku-densitometer lingaguqula iphesenti lokukhanya okubonisiwe noma okudlulisiwe kube inani lokuminyana.
11. Yiziphi izici ezithinta ukuminyana?Ekuphrinteni kwesikrini, okuguquguqukayo okuthinta amanani okuminyana ikakhulukazi ubukhulu befilimu kayinki, umbala, usayizi nenani lezinhlayiya ze-pigment, nombala we-substrate. Ukuminyana kwe-Optical kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko ukufiphala nokushuba kwefilimu kayinki, yona ethintwa usayizi nenani lezinhlayiya ze-pigment kanye nokumunca ukukhanya kwazo kanye nezici zokuhlakaza.
12. Liyini izinga le-dyne?I-Dyne/cm iyunithi esetshenziselwa ukukala ukushuba kwendawo. Lokhu kushuba kubangelwa ukudonseka kwe-intermolecular koketshezi oluthile (i-surface tension) noma okuqinile (amandla angaphezulu). Ngezinjongo ezingokoqobo, ngokuvamile sibiza leveli ye-dyne yepharamitha. Izinga le-dyne noma amandla angaphezulu kwe-substrate ethile imelela ukumanzi kwayo nokunamathela kukayinki. Amandla angaphezulu ayimpahla ebonakalayo yento ethile. Amafilimu amaningi nama-substrates asetshenziswa ekunyatheliseni anamazinga aphansi okuphrinta, njenge-31 dyne/cm polyethylene kanye ne-29 dyne/cm polypropylene, ngakho-ke adinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Ukwelashwa okufanele kungakhuphula izinga le-dyne lamanye ama-substrates, kodwa okwesikhashana. Uma usulungele ukuphrinta, kunezinye izici ezithinta izinga le-dyne le-substrate, njengokuthi: isikhathi nenombolo yokwelashwa, izimo zokugcina, umswakama wendawo kanye namazinga othuli. Njengoba amazinga e-dyne angashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaphrinta amaningi anomuzwa wokuthi kuyadingeka ukwelapha noma ukwelapha kabusha lawa mafilimu ngaphambi kokuphrinta.
13. Kwenziwa kanjani ukwelashwa kwelangabi?Amapulasitiki ngokwemvelo awanawo ama-porous futhi anendawo engasebenzi (amandla angaphezulu aphansi). Ukwelashwa kwe-flame kuyindlela yokwelapha ngaphambili amapulasitiki ukuze kwandiswe izinga le-dyne le-substrate surface. Ngaphezu komkhakha wokuphrinta amabhodlela epulasitiki, le ndlela isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zezimoto nezamafilimu. Ukwelashwa komlilo akugcini nje ukwandisa amandla angaphezulu, kodwa futhi kuqeda ukungcoliswa kwendawo.Ukwelashwa kwe-Flame kuhilela uchungechunge lokusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokomzimba namakhemikhali. Indlela engokwenyama yokwelashwa kwelangabi yukuthi ilangabi lokushisa eliphezulu lidlulisela amandla emafutheni nasekungcoleni okungaphezulu kwe-substrate, okubangela ukuba ahwamuke ngaphansi kokushisa futhi adlale indima yokuhlanza; futhi indlela yayo yamakhemikhali iwukuthi ilangabi liqukethe inani elikhulu lama-ion, anezakhiwo eziqinile ze-oxidizing. Ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, isabela ngobuphezulu bento ephathwayo ukuze yakhe ungqimba lwamaqembu asebenzayo e-polar akhokhisiwe ebusweni bento ephathwayo, okwandisa amandla ayo angaphezulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kukhulise amandla ayo okumunca uketshezi.
14. Kuyini ukwelashwa kwe-corona?Ukukhishwa kweCorona kungenye indlela yokukhulisa izinga le-dyne. Ngokusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu ku-roller yemidiya, umoya ozungezile ungenziwa i-ionized. Lapho i-substrate idlula kule ndawo ene-ionized, izibopho zamangqamuzana ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo zizophuka. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphrinta okujikelezayo kwezinto zefilimu emincane.
15. I-plasticizer ikuthinta kanjani ukunamathela kukayinki ku-PVC?I-Plasticizer iyikhemikhali eyenza izinto eziphrintiwe zithambe futhi ziguquguquke. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-PVC (i-polyvinyl chloride). Uhlobo nenani le-plasticizer elingezwe ku-PVC eguquguqukayo noma amanye amapulasitiki ikakhulukazi kuncike ezidingweni zabantu zomshini, ukuchithwa kokushisa kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi zezinto eziphrintiwe. Ama-Plasticizer anamandla okuthuthela endaweni engaphansi futhi athinte ukunamathela kukayinki. Ama-Plasticizer ahlala phezu kwe-substrate ayingcolisi enciphisa amandla angaphezulu kwe-substrate. Ukungcola okuningi endaweni, amandla angaphezulu aphansi kanye nokunamathela okuncane kuzodingeka kuyiyinki. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, umuntu angakwazi ukuhlanza ama-substrates nge-solvent yokuhlanza emnene ngaphambi kokuphrinta ukuze athuthukise ukuphrinta kwawo.
16. Zingaki izibani engizidingayo ukwelapha?Nakuba uhlelo lukayinki kanye nohlobo lwe-substrate luyahlukahluka, ngokuvamile, uhlelo olulodwa lokwelapha isibani lwanele. Vele, uma unesabelomali esanele, ungaphinda ukhethe iyunithi yokuphulukisa enamalambu amabili ukuze ukhuphule isivinini sokuphulukisa. Isizathu sokuthi kungani izibani ezimbili zokuphulukisa zingcono kunezodwa ukuthi uhlelo lwezibani ezimbili lunganikeza amandla engeziwe ku-substrate ngesivinini esifanayo sokuthutha kanye nezilungiselelo zepharamitha. Enye yezinkinga ezibalulekile okudingeka sizicabangele ukuthi ingabe iyunithi yokwelapha ingakwazi yini ukomisa uyinki ophrintiwe ngesivinini esivamile.
17. I-viscosity kayinki ikuthinta kanjani ukuphrinta?Oyinki abaningi bangama-thixotropic, okusho ukuthi i-viscosity yabo iyashintsha nge-shear, isikhathi kanye nezinga lokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokugunda liphakeme, i-viscosity ye-inki iyancipha; lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, liyancipha i-viscosity yonyaka kayinki. Oyinki bokuphrinta isikrini ngokuvamile bathola imiphumela emihle emshinini wokunyathelisa, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuzoba nezinkinga ngokuphrinta kuye ngezilungiselelo zokunyathelisa nokulungisa kusengaphambili. I-viscosity kayinki emshinini wokunyathelisa nayo ihlukile ku-viscosity yayo ku-cartridge kayinki. Abakhiqizi be-inki babeka uhla oluthile lwe-viscosity lwemikhiqizo yabo. Kumayinki azacile kakhulu noma ane-viscosity ephansi kakhulu, abasebenzisi bangakwazi futhi ukwengeza okujiya ngokufanelekile; koyinki abakhulu kakhulu noma abane-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu, abasebenzisi bangakwazi futhi ukwengeza izihlambululi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungaxhumana nomphakeli we-inki ukuze uthole ulwazi lomkhiqizo.
18. Yiziphi izici ezithinta ukuzinza noma impilo yeshalofu yamayinki e-UV?Isici esibalulekile esithinta ukuzinza koyinki ukugcinwa kukayinki. Oyinki be-UV ngokuvamile bagcinwa kumakhathriji kayinki epulasitiki kunasemakhatriji kayinki ensimbi ngenxa yokuthi iziqukathi zepulasitiki zinezinga elithile lokungena komoyampilo, okungaqinisekisa ukuthi kunegebe elithile lomoya phakathi kwendawo kayinki nesembozo sesitsha. Leli gebe lomoya - ikakhulukazi umoya-mpilo osemoyeni - lisiza ukunciphisa ukuxhumanisa kukayinki ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kokupakishwa, izinga lokushisa lesitsha sikayinki libalulekile futhi ekugcineni ukuqina kwazo. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu angabangela ukusabela ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuxhumanisa koyinki. Ukulungiswa kokwakheka kukayinki wangempela kungase futhi kuthinte ukuzinza kweshalofu likayinki. Izithasiselo, ikakhulukazi ama-catalyst nama-photoinitiators, zinganciphisa isikhathi seshelufu se-inki.
19. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokulebula okusesikhunjeni (IML) kanye nokuhlobisa okusesikhunjeni (IMD)?Ukulebula okusesikhunjini kanye nokuhlobisa okusesikhunjini ngokuyisisekelo kusho into efanayo, okungukuthi, ilebula noma ifilimu yokuhlobisa (eyakhiwe kusengaphambili noma cha) ifakwa esikhunjeni futhi ipulasitiki encibilikisiwe iyayisekela ngenkathi kwakhiwa ingxenye. Amalebula asetshenziswe ekuqaleni akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta obuhlukene, obufana ne-gravure, i-offset, i-flexographic noma ukuphrinta kwesikrini. Lawa malebula avame ukuphrintwa kuphela phezulu kwempahla, kuyilapho uhlangothi olungaphrintiwe luxhunywe kwisikhunta somjovo. Umhlobiso ongaphakathi kwesikhunta usetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi uvame ukuphrintwa endaweni yesibili yefilimu esobala. Ukuhlobisa okungaphakathi kwesikhunta ngokuvamile kuphrintwa kusetshenziswa iphrinta yesikrini, futhi amafilimu namayinki e-UV asetshenzisiwe kufanele ahambisane nokubunjwa komjovo.
20. Kwenzekani uma iyunithi yokwelapha i-nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukwelapha iziyinki ze-UV ezinombala?Amasistimu okwelapha asebenzisa i-nitrogen ukwelapha imikhiqizo ephrintiwe abekhona iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi. Lezi zinhlelo zisetshenziswa kakhulu enqubweni yokwelapha yezindwangu kanye nokushintshwa kwe-membrane. I-nitrogen isetshenziswa esikhundleni se-oxygen ngoba umoya-mpilo uvimbela ukuphulukiswa kwamayinki. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukukhanya okuvela kuma-bulb kulezi zinhlelo kuncane kakhulu, akuphumelelanga kakhulu ekwelapheni izingulube noma oyinki abanemibala.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-24-2024
